Whole-genome and genome-wide association studies improve key agricultural traits of safflower for industrial and medicinal use  

作　　者：Jiang Chen Shuai Guo Xueli Hu Rui Wang Donghai Jia Qiang Li Xianmei Yin Xuejiao Liao Zunhong Hu Peiqi Wang Chaoxiang Ren Shuai Dong Chao Chen Shilin Chen Jiang Xu Jin Pei 

机构地区：[1]State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources,College of Pharmacy,Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Chengdu 611137,China [2]Institute of Chinese Materia Medica,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Beijing 100700,China [3]Industrial Crops Research Institute,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kunming 650205,China [4]Institute of Economic Crops,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumchi 830091,China

出　　处：《Horticulture Research》2023年第11期59-70,共12页园艺研究（英文）

基　　金：supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82274039,U19A2010);the Key R&D Plan of Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province(2021YFYZ0012-5,2020YFN0152);the Sichuan Provincial Central Guiding Local Science and Technology Development Special Project(2020ZYD058);the Innovation Team and Talents Cultivation Program of National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine(ZYYCXTD-D-202209);the Xinglin Talent Program of Chengdu University of TCM(0300510007).

摘　　要：Safflower(Carthamus tinctorius)is widely cultivated around the world for its seeds and flowers.The presence of linoleic acid(LA)in its seeds and hydroxysafflor yellow A(HSYA)in its flowers are the crucial traits that enable safflower to be used for industrial and medicinal purposes.Understanding the genetic control of these traits is essential for optimizing the quality of safflower and its breeding.To further this research,we present a chromosome-scale assembly of the genome of the safflower variety‘Chuanhonghua 1’,which was achieved using an integrated strategy combining Illumina,Oxford Nanopore,and Hi-C sequencing.We obtained a 1.17-Gb assembly with a contig N50 of 1.08 Mb,and all assembled sequences were assigned to 12 pseudochromosomes.Safflower’s evolution involved the core eudicotγ-triplication event and a whole-genome duplication event,which led to large-scale genomic rearrangements.Extensive genomic shuffling has occurred since the divergence of the ancestor of dicotyledons.We conducted metabolite and transcriptome profiles with time-and part-dependent changes and screened candidate genes that significantly contribute to seed lipid biosynthesis.We also analyzed key gene families that participate in LA and HSYA biosynthesis.Additionally,we re-sequenced 220 safflower lines and carried out a genome-wide association study using high-quality SNP data for eight agronomic traits.We identified SNPs related to important traits in safflower.Besides,the candidate gene HH_034464(CtCGT1)was shown to be involved in the biosynthesis of HSYA.Overall,we provide a high-quality reference genome and elucidate the genetic basis of LA and HSYA biosynthesis in safflower.This vast amount of data will benefit further research for functional gene mining and breeding in safflower.

关 键 词：FLOWERS WHOLE breeding 

分 类 号：S567[农业科学—中草药栽培]