基于AMESim的多液缸合流式压裂泵流量脉动特性研究  

Flow pulsation characteristics of multi-cylinder combined flow fracturing pump based on AMESim

作　　者：晁宇 杨波 戚伟 李伟[1] 赵敏 吕春光 杨睿 CHAO Yu;YANG Bo;QI Wei;LI Wei;ZHAO Min;LV Chunguang;YANG Rui(School of Mechanical Engineering,Xinjiang University,Urumqi 830017,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆大学机械工程学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830017

出　　处：《机电工程》2024年第2期253-261,共9页Journal of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金资助项目(2022D01C93);新疆大学博士启动基金资助项目(BS190218)。

摘　　要：传统的机械式压裂泵存在冲次高、冲程短、曲轴易于失效等问题,为此,提出了一种多液缸合流式液压驱动压裂泵,并对其产生流量脉动的机理进行了研究。首先,详细阐述了多液缸合流式压裂泵的工作原理,基于液压流体力学等理论,建立了多液缸合流式压裂泵的数学模型,并进行了理论分析;其次,采用AMESim仿真软件搭建了多液缸合流式压裂泵工作仿真模型,选择了合理的仿真参数设置,进行了变负载压力下的仿真研究;最后,对液压动力传递链中的活塞-柱塞运动特性、泵腔流量特性、输出流量和压力脉动特性进行了研究,并对仿真结果进行了分析。研究结果表明:在25 MPa工况下,多液缸合流式压裂泵的输出压力和流量脉动率分别为36.8%和20.61%,冲次只有42次/min,符合实际工况;多液缸合流式压裂泵输出流量脉动的主要原因是各组液缸的频繁换向、泵送行程和吸入行程的切换,导致活塞-柱塞做减速停止运动和加速启动运动。Aiming at the problems of high stroke rate,short stroke and crankshaft failure of traditional mechanical fracturing pump,a new type of hydraulic fracturing pump driven by multi-cylinder combined flow was proposed and the mechanism of its flow pulsation was studied.Firstly,the working principle of multi-cylinder combined flow fracturing pump was described in detail.And the mathematical model of the multi-cylinder combined flow fracturing pump was established and analyzed by using the theory of hydraulic fluid mechanics.Then,the simulation model of the multi-cylinder combined flow fracturing pump was built by AMESim.In addition,a reasonable simulation parameter setting was selected to carry out simulation research under variable load pressure.Finally,the piston-plunger movement characteristics,pump chamber flow characteristics,output flow and pressure pulsation characteristics in the hydraulic power transmission chain were studied,and the simulation results were analyzed.The research results show that under the condition of 25 MPa,the output pressure and flow pulsation rate of multi-cylinder combined flow fracturing pump are respectively 36.8%and 20.61%,and the stroke times are only 42 times/min,which accord with the actual working condition.The main reasons for the output flow pulsation of the multi-cylinder combined flow fracturing pump are the frequent reversal of each cylinder,the switch of pumping stroke and suction stroke,which lead to the deceleration stop motion and acceleration start motion of the piston and plunger.

关 键 词：往复泵 仿真模型 压力脉动特性 振动噪声 活塞-柱塞运动特性 泵腔流量特性 输出流量 

分 类 号：TH137.51[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TE934[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]