骨软骨缺损治疗的现状及研究进展  

Current status and research progress in the treatment of osteochondral defects

作　　者：和文宝 杨云峰[1,2] HE Wenbao;YANG Yunfeng(Department of Orthopaedics,Shanghai Tongji Hospital,School of Medicine,Tongji University,Shanghai 200065;Department of Orthopaedics,Ruijin Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,Shanghai 200025,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学附属同济医院骨科,上海200065 [2]上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院骨科,上海200025

出　　处：《中华骨与关节外科杂志》2023年第12期1145-1152,共8页Chinese Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery

基　　金：上海市科委项目(21ZR1458500);国家重点研发计划(2022YFC2009505)。

摘　　要：骨软骨损伤是骨科常见的疾病之一,通常由创伤、肿瘤、感染和关节退行性病变等原因导致。骨软骨复合体解剖特点较为复杂,骨软骨缺损的治疗目前还是临床的一大难题。现有的治疗方法包括关节镜手术、微骨折术、自体或异体骨移植和自体软骨细胞移植等,虽然在一定程度上能减轻患者的痛苦,但均不能很好地达到解剖和功能重塑的效果。近年来,再生治疗被公认为是理想的治疗方案,组织工程领域迅速发展,除了传统的支架搭载生长因子和干细胞的模式,还出现了许多全新的思路来更有效地实现原位骨软骨再生。本文主要针对骨软骨缺损的解剖学特点、临床治疗现状及其组织工程研究进展进行综述。Osteochondral injury is one of the most common diseases in orthopedics,usually resulting from trauma,tumors,infection and degenerative joint disease.The anatomical complexity of the osteochondral composite significantly contributes to the challenges in its clinical management.Available treatments include arthroscopic surgery,microfractures,autologous or allogeneic osteochondral graft and autologous chondrocyte implantation.Although these methods can alleviate patients'pain to some extent,they fail to achieve optimal anatomical and functional restoration.In recent years,regenerative therapy has been recognized as an ideal treatment approach.The field of tissue engineering has developed rapidly,introducing innovative strategies that are superior to traditional scaffolds containing growth factors and stem cells.These novel approaches aim to more effectively promote in situ osteochondral regeneration.This review primarily focuses on summarizing the anatomical features of osteochondral defects,the current status of their clinical treatments and the progress in tissue engineering research.

关 键 词：骨软骨缺损 临床治疗 组织工程 

分 类 号：R681.3[医药卫生—骨科学]