济南市历下区学龄前儿童体格发育状况调查  

Comparative analysis of physical development of preschool children's in Lixia District of Ji′nan city over a 2-year period

作　　者：刘慧娟 李燕[1] 张莉[1] 孙瑾 高南南 吴琼 曹媛 LIU Hui-juan;LI Yan;ZHANG Li;SUN Jin;GAO Nan-nan;WU Qiong;CAO Yuan(Research Center for Child Health,Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University,Ji′nan,Shandong 250000,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]青岛大学附属山东省妇幼保健院儿童健康研究中心,山东济南250000 [2]山东第一医科大学第一附属医院儿保科

出　　处：《中国妇幼保健》2024年第4期674-677,共4页Maternal and Child Health Care of China

基　　金：国家卫生健康委医药卫生科技发展研究中心项目(WA2020HK24);山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2021MH296);山东省医药卫生科技发展计划项目(202212030949)。

摘　　要：目的分析2019年济南市历下区幼儿园学龄前儿童体格发育情况相较于2020年的变化情况,为开展针对性的儿童保健策略提供理依据。方法采用随机整群抽样的方法,随机抽取济南市历下区14所幼儿园学龄前儿童2020年2396例、2019年2135例,采用WHO-2006参考标准评价儿童群体的健康情况,分别对每个年龄段不同性别儿童的体格发育进行比较。结果2020年学龄前儿童3岁~、4岁~、5岁~年龄组的体质量分别高于2019年同性别同年龄组的儿童,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。6岁~年龄组男女儿童的体质量差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。2020年3岁~、4岁~、5岁~及6岁~年龄组的男女儿童的身高相较于2019年同性别同年龄组的儿童,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。2020年学龄前儿童低体质量率、生长迟缓率及消瘦率(分别为0.29%、0.13%、2.00%)相较于2019年情况(低体质量率、生长迟缓率、消瘦率分别为0.28%、0.33%、1.45%),三者比较差异均无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.00、2.10、2.15,均P>0.05),2020年学龄前儿童超重率(12.4%)、男童超重率(16.67%)分别高于2019年儿童超重率(10.96%)、男童超重率(12.76%),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=7.77、4.05,均P<0.05)。不同年份女童超重率差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.08,P>0.05)。2020年学龄前儿童肥胖率(7.51%)、女童肥胖率(5.53%)相较于2019年儿童肥胖率(6.32%)、男童肥胖率(3.72%),差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=2.47、0.30,均P>0.05)。2020年女童肥胖率高于2019年,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.33,P<0.05)。结论2020年历下区学龄前儿童体质量增长过快,男童超重率、女童肥胖率有所增加,应更多关注学龄前儿童家庭环境中的健康状况。Objective To analyze the physical development of preschool children in Lixia District of Ji′nan city in 2020 compared with that in 2019,to provide a basis for carrying out targeted child health care strategies.Methods A random cluster sampling method was used to randomly select 2396 preschool children from 14 kindergartens in Lixia District of Ji′nan city in 2020 and 2135 in 2019.The WHO-2006 reference criteria were used to evaluate the health status of children.The physical development of children of different genders of each age was compared separately.Results①The weight of preschool children aged 3-,4-and 5-in 2020 was higher than that of children of the same gender and age group in 2019,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in body weight between male and female children at aged 6-group(P>0.05).②There was no statistically significant difference in the height of male and female children aged 3-,4-,5-and 6-in 2020 compared with that of children of the same gender and age group in 2019(P>0.05).③The rate of underweight,growth retardation rate and emaciation of preschoolers in 2020 were 0.29%,0.13%and 2.00%,respectively,compared with the situation in 2019(the rate of underweight,growth retardation rate and emaciation were 0.28%,0.33%and 1.45%,respectively),and there were no statistical differences among them(χ^(2)=0.00,2.10,2.15,all P>0.05).The rate of overweight in preschool children(12.4%)and boys(16.67%)in 2020 was higher than that of children(10.96%)and boys(12.76%)in 2019,respectively,with statistically significant differences(χ^(2)=7.77,4.05,all P<0.05).There was no significant difference in overweight rate of girls in different years(χ^(2)=0.08,P>0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the obesity rates of preschool children(7.51%)and girls(5.53%)in 2020,compared with the obesity rates of children(6.32%)and boys(3.72%)in 2019(χ^(2)=2.47,0.30,all P>0.05).The obesity rate of girls in 2020 was higher than that in 2019,and t

关 键 词：学龄前儿童 体格发育 超重 肥胖 对比分析 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]