离子型稀土矿柱浸过程氨氮平衡及尾矿氨氮形态转化研究  

Ammonia Nitrogen Balance and Ammonia Nitrogen Form Transformation of Tailings in Ionic Rare Earth Pillar Leaching Process

作　　者：肖信锦 王慧娟 黄金 邓扬悟 王林生[1] Xiao Xinjin;Wang Huijuan;Huang Jin;Deng Yangwu;Wang Linsheng(National En-gineering Research Center for Ionic Rare Earth/Jiangxi Ionic Rare Earth Engineering Research Co.,Ltd.,Ganzhou 341000,China;School of Resources and Environmental Engineering,Jiangxi Universi-ty of Science and Technology,Ganzhou 341000,China)

机构地区：[1]国家离子型稀土资源高效开发利用工程技术研究中心/江西离子型稀土工程技术研究有限公司,江西赣州341000 [2]江西理工大学资源与环境工程学院,江西赣州341000

出　　处：《中国稀土学报》2024年第1期112-119,I0004,共9页Journal of the Chinese Society of Rare Earths

基　　金：江西省科技创新平台组建项目(20194AFD45003);江西省重点研发计划项目(20212BBG73015)资助。

摘　　要：离子型稀土矿柱浸过程氨氮的平衡与迁移转化研究可以对浸矿剂硫酸铵用量的模拟运算提供理论参考。试验以定南某离子型矿土为对象,采用室内柱浸模拟的方式对离子型稀土原矿氨氮的分布、硫酸铵浸矿过程氨氮平衡及尾矿氨氮赋存转化的影响进行了试验。结果发现,离子型稀土原岩风化过程中,还可能伴随着离子相铵盐的生成,在浸矿过程中会伴随稀土一起被浸出,离子相铵盐含量随离子相稀土含量的升高而增加。硫酸铵柱浸过程中残留在尾矿内的氨氮量与浸出液中的氨氮量占比分别为50.76%和49.24%,浸矿剂中半数铵根主要起到保持浸矿过程中铵根浓度的作用,在浸矿后会随浸出液流出。离子型稀土尾矿水溶态和可交换态氨氮在矿土含水率的影响下会发生可逆转化,在尾矿矿土自然风干过程中,尾矿内水溶态氨氮含量占比由63.24%降至32.01%,离子型稀土尾矿水溶态与可交换态氨氮的赋存含量需要前置时间和矿土含水率等条件才能准确定义。The study of ammonia nitrogen balance,migration and transformation in ionic rare earth pillar leaching process can provide theoretical reference for the simulation calculation of leaching agent ammonium sulfate dosage.In this experiment,the distribution of ammonia nitrogen in ionic rare earth ore,the ammonia nitrogen balance in ammonium sulfate leaching process and the effect of ammonia nitrogen occurrence and transformation in tailings were studied by indoor column leaching simulation.The results show that the formation of ionic phase ammonium salts is accompanied by the weathering process of ionic rare earth protorocks,and the leaching process may be accompanied by the leaching of rare earth,and the content of ionic phase ammonium salts increases with the increase of ionic phase rare earth content.In the process of ammonium sulfate column leaching,the ratio of ammonia nitrogen remaining in tailings and ammonia nitrogen in leaching solution is 50.76% and 49.24%.Half of ammonium in leaching agent mainly plays a role in maintaining the concentration of ammonium in leaching process,and will flow out with leaching solution after leaching.The reversible transformation of water-soluble and exchangeable ammonia nitrogen in ion-type rare earth tailings occurs under the influence of soil moisture content.In the process of natural air drying of tailings soil,the proportion of water-soluble ammonia nitrogen in tailings decreases from 63.24% to 32.01%.The occurrence content of water-soluble and exchangeable ammonia nitrogen in ion-type rare earth tailings can only be accurately defined under the conditions of lead time and soil moisture content.

关 键 词：离子型稀土 氨氮 平衡 转化 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]