云南临沧花岗岩带中段离子吸附型稀土矿成矿主控因素与成矿模式  

Controlling Factors and Metallogenic Model of Ion-adsorption Type REE Deposits in Middle Section of Lincang Granite Belt,Yunnan Province

作　　者：张保涛[1] 胡兆国[1] 孙峰 赵晓博 柳森 张永三[1] 王小玉[1] 胡加斌 Zhang Baotao;Hu Zhaoguo;Sun Feng;Zhao Xiaobo;Liu Sen;Zhang Yongsan;Wang Xiaoyu;Hu Jiabin(Geological Exploration Institute of Shandong Zhengyuan,China Metallurgi-cal Geology Bureau,Jinan 250013,China;Institute of Mineral Resources,China Metallurgical Geology Bureau,Beijing 100131,China)

机构地区：[1]中国冶金地质总局山东正元地质勘查院,山东济南250013 [2]中国冶金地质总局矿产资源研究院,北京100131

出　　处：《中国稀土学报》2024年第1期179-194,I0006,共17页Journal of the Chinese Society of Rare Earths

基　　金：中国地质调查局地质调查项目(DD20179604);云南省地质勘查基金项目(D202102)资助。

摘　　要：云南临沧一带离子吸附型稀土矿的发现将滇西离子吸附型稀土矿的分布范围向北推移了100 km,矿体主体分布海拔推高至1800 m以上。研究区离子吸附型稀土矿赋矿岩性为黑云二长花岗岩,该岩体为分异程度较高的同碰撞成因过铝质钙碱性岩,成岩年龄为(213±2)Ma,侵位于晚三叠世。矿体主要分布于全风化层中,在平面上呈沿地形变化的面状,在剖面上呈扁豆状,蚀变主要表现为高岭土化、黏土化,离子相态率平均为53%,轻稀土平均占比为74%,为轻稀土离子吸附型稀土矿。通过对基岩性质、地形地貌、风化蚀变、气候和植被条件与稀土元素富集关系的研究,确定了临沧花岗岩风化离子吸附型稀土矿的主控因素,建立了该类矿种的找矿标志和成矿模式,发展了花岗岩风化离子吸附型稀土矿的成矿理论,以期为相似地区同类矿种的找矿工作提供参考。Granite weathered ion-adsorption type REE deposits in Lincang area are the important achievement of the “important minerals(Rare,rare earth,scarce elements,etc.) geological survey in western Yunnan” project.Because of this achievement,ion-adsorption type REE deposit distribution is expanded 100 km northward compared to Shangyun ion-adsorption type REE deposit existed,and the deposit elevation is pushed up to 1800 m or more.The ore-bearing lithology is biotite monzogranite which is a kind of highly differentiated alkali calcic rock produced in continental collision in late Triassic with the U-Pb age of(213±2)Ma.The ore body is planar changing along the topographic line on the plane and enticular on the profile,with alterations of Kaolinization,argillization and ferritization.The Lincang REE deposits are light rare earth ion adsorption type.The ion phase rate is between 9%-70% with an average of 53% and the light rare earths proportion is between 63%-84%,with an average of 74%.Based on study on the relationship between the REE enrichment and lithofacies,petrochemistry,topography,weathering alterations,climate,vegetation,etc.,the main controlling factors of Lincang granite weathered ion-adsorption type REE deposit were defined,and the prospecting clues and metallogenic model of this type of ore were established.The research developed the ion-adsorption REE metallogenic theory,expecting to provide a reference for similar ore prospecting in other areas.

关 键 词：离子吸附型稀土矿 黑云二长花岗岩 主控因素 成矿模式 临沧花岗岩 

分 类 号：P611.2[天文地球—矿床学] P612[天文地球—地质学]