一株抗茶炭疽菌和魔芋镰刀菌的淀粉酶产色链霉菌的分离、鉴定及生防潜能  

Isolation and identification of a Streptomyces diastatochromogenes strain with biocontrol potential against Colletotrichum camelliae and Fusarium solani

作　　者：赵兴丽 刘诗琪 张金峰 罗林丽 李佳 贺圣凌 周玉锋[3] ZHAO Xingli;LIU Shiqi;ZHANG Jinfeng;LUO Linli;LI Jia;HE Shengling;ZHOU Yufeng(Biotechnology Institute of Guizhou Province,Guiyang 550009,Guizhou,China;Guizhou Key Laboratory of Biotechnology,Guiyang 550009,Guizhou,China;Institute of Tea Research,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guiyang 550009,Guizhou,China;Guizhou Education University,Guiyang 550018,Guizhou,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省生物技术研究所,贵州贵阳550009 [2]贵州省生物技术重点实验室,贵州贵阳550009 [3]贵州省农业科学院茶叶研究所,贵州贵阳550009 [4]贵州师范学院,贵州贵阳550018

出　　处：《微生物学通报》2024年第2期517-533,共17页Microbiology China

基　　金：贵州省科技计划(黔科合支撑[2021]一般208,黔科合服企[2021]11号,黔科合服企[2019]4009,黔科合支撑[2021]一般206);贵州省农业科学院青年科技基金(黔农科院青年科技基金[2021]18号)。

摘　　要：【背景】放线菌是一类重要的生防菌,具有强大的代谢活性,能产生抗生素、酶、酶抑制剂和激素等天然产物抑制病原物生长。【目的】从茶树根际分离得到放线菌,研究候选放线菌对茶炭疽菌和魔芋镰刀菌的抑菌活性及其生防潜能。【方法】分别以茶炭疽病致病菌Colletotrichum camelliae和魔芋茎腐病致病菌Fusarium solani为指示菌,采用土壤稀释涂布法、平板对峙法和菌丝生长速率法,从茶树根际土壤中分离、筛选拮抗放线菌,并根据菌株的形态特征、生理生化特性和系统发育分析结果对其进行分类鉴定,并开展候选放线菌的产促生相关物质和分泌细胞壁水解酶能力的定性检测试验。【结果】共分离得到14株拮抗放线菌,菌株A-dyzsc04-2的拮抗效果最强,被鉴定为淀粉酶产色链霉菌(Streptomyces diastatochromogenes)。该菌株的活菌体对C.camelliae和F.solani的抑制率分别为66.71%±1.23%和71.59%±2.46%,其无菌发酵滤液对2种指示菌的抑菌率均大于90%;此外,菌株A-dyzsc04-2还具有产嗜铁素和葡聚糖酶以及溶解无机磷的能力。【结论】菌株A-dyzsc04-2是一株优良的生防菌,具有较高的开发利用价值,研究结果为菌株A-dyzsc04-2防治茶炭疽病和魔芋茎腐病提供了理论支撑。[Background]Actinomycetes are a kinds of important biocontrol bacteria with strong metabolic activity,which can produce natural products such as antibiotics,enzymes,enzyme inhibitors,and hormones to inhibit the growth of pathogens.[Objective]To study the activities of the actinomycetes isolated from the rhizosphere soil of tea plants against Colletotrichum camelliae(pathogen of tea anthracnose)and Fusarium solani(pathogen of konjac stem rot)and evaluate the biocontrol potential of the isolates.[Methods]The antagonistic actinomycetes strains against C.camelliae and F.solani were isolated and screened from the rhizosphere soil of tea plants the plate dilution method,plate confrontation method,and mycelial growth assay.The isolates were identified based on the morphological characteristics,physiological and biochemical properties,and phylogenetic relationship.Furthermore,the abilities of actinomycetes to produce growth-promoting substances and secrete cell wall hydrolase were determined.[Results]A total of 14 actinomycete strains were isolated.Among them,the isolate A-dyzsc04-2,identified as Streptomyces diastatochromogenes,presented the inhibition rates of 66.71%±1.23%and 71.59%±2.46%against C.camelliae and F.solani,respectively.The 10-fold dilution of the cell-free fermentation filtrate of this strain presented the inhibition rates over 90%against the two pathogens.In addition,A-dyzsc04-2 was capable of producing siderophore and glucanase and dissolving inorganic phosphorus.[Conclusion]A-dyzsc04-2 serves as an elite biocontrol strain with a high development and utilization value.The results provide theoretical support for the application of A-dyzsc04-2 in the prevention and treatment of tea anthracnose and konjac stem rot.

关 键 词：淀粉酶产色链霉菌 放线菌 茶炭疽病 魔芋茎腐病 

分 类 号：S476.1[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]