2016-2022年江苏省常州市禽类相关外环境禽流感病毒监测分析  

Surveillance for avian influenza virus in poultry related environment in Changzhou,Jiangsu,2016−2022

作　　者：郑献智 甄茜[1] 蒋霞[1] 姚萍[1] 程凯丽 陈聪[1] Zheng Xianzhi;Zhen Qian;Jiang Xia;Yao Ping;Cheng Kaili;Chen Cong(Changzhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Changzhou 213000,Jiangsu,China;School of Public Health,Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing 211103,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]常州市疾病预防控制中心,江苏常州213000 [2]南京医科大学公共卫生学院,江苏南京211103

出　　处：《疾病监测》2024年第1期43-47,共5页Disease Surveillance

基　　金：常州市科技支撑计划(社会发展)(No.CE20205032)。

摘　　要：目的对2016—2022年江苏省常州市禽类相关外环境标本病毒检测结果进行分析,了解禽流感病毒的流行特征,为常州市禽流感防控工作提供科学依据。方法采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应方法对标本进行禽流感病毒核酸检测,采用描述性流行病学方法对检测结果进行统计分析。结果2016—2022年共采集禽流感外环境标本3142份,共检测出甲型流感病毒核酸阳性标本493份,阳性率15.69%,阳性标本以H9亚型为主,占82.76%。冬春季外环境中禽流感病毒阳性检出率较高,H7亚型及其混合型阳性检出率在2016年冬季出现一次高峰,且与人感染H7亚型禽流感病例数呈正相关(r=0.832,P=0.020)。新北区阳性检出率最高(26.32%),溧阳市最低(8.09%)。不同类型监测场所禽流感病毒阳性检出率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=123.587,P<0.001),城乡活禽市场标本阳性检出率最高(20.07%),野生禽鸟栖息地最低(未检出阳性标本);不同类型外环境标本中禽流感病毒阳性检出率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=56.830,P<0.001),宰杀或摆放禽肉案板表面的擦拭标本中禽流感病毒阳性检出率最高(21.29%),咽/肛拭子或粪便标本阳性检出率最低(10.37%)。结论常州市外环境中的禽流感病毒以H9亚型为主。应将城乡活禽市场作为禽流感防控重点场所,加强冬春季禽流感病毒监测力度。Objective To understand the distribution of avian influenza virus in poultry related environment in Changzhou,Jiangsu province,from 2016 to 2022,and provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of human infection with avian influenza viruses.Methods Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the nucleic acid of avian influenza virus,and the detection results were statistically analyzed by descriptive statistics.Results A total of 3142 poultry related environment samples were collected from 2016 to 2022 in Changzhou,in which 493 were positive for avian influenza A virus(15.69%).The main subtype of avian influenza virus was H9(82.76%).The proportion of avian influenza virus positive samples was higher in winter and spring.The positive rate of subtype H7 and others peaked in winter in 2016,which was positively correlated with the number of confirmed infection cases of H7 subtype avian influenza virus(Spearman,r=0.832,P=0.020).The positive rate was highest in Xinbei(26.32%)and lowest in Liyang(8.09%).There were significant differences in positive rate among different surveillance sites(χ^(2)=123.587,P<0.001)and environment samples(χ^(2)=56.830,P<0.001).Among the five kinds of surveillance sites,the positive rate was highest(20.07%)in urban and rural live poultry markets,and lowest in wild poultry habitats with no positive sample detected.In the six kinds of samples,the positive rate was highest in the surface swabs of chopping board(21.29%),and lowest in throat/anal swabs or stool samples(10.37%).Conclusion The main subtype of avian influenza virus was H9 in poultry related environment in Changzhou during 2016−2022.It is necessary to strengthen the surveillance in urban and rural live poultry markets as key places for the prevention and control of avian influenza virus infection,especially in winter and spring.

关 键 词：禽流感病毒 禽类相关外环境 监测 

分 类 号：R211[医药卫生—中医学] R183