自然状态下栓皮栎林空气负离子与PM_(2.5)的关系  

Relationship between negative air ion and PM_(2.5)in Quercus variabilis under natural conditions

作　　者：蔡露露 孙守家[3,4] 施光耀 杜灵通 倪细炉[1] 张劲松 孟平[3,4] CAI Lulu;SUN Shoujia;SHI Guangyao;DU Lingtong;NI Xilu;ZHANG Jinsong;MENG Ping(School of Ecology and Environment,Ningxia University/Breeding Base for State Key Laboratory of Land Degradation and Eco-logical Restoration in Northwest China,Yinchuan 750021,China;Pingluo Rural Revitalization Service Center in Ningxia,Shizuishan 753400,Ningxia,China;Research Institute of Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Beijing 100091,China;Henan Xiaolangdi Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station,Jiyuan 454650,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学生态环境学院/西北土地退化与生态恢复省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地,银川750021 [2]宁夏平罗县乡村振兴服务中心,宁夏石嘴山753400 [3]中国林业科学研究院林业研究所,北京100091 [4]河南小浪底森林生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,河南济源454650

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2024年第2期347-353,共7页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：宁夏自然科学基金项目(2023AAC03142);银川市科技创新项目(2023SFZD04);宁夏高等学校自然科学优秀青年项目(NYG2022006);宁夏大学研究生创新项目(CXXM202334)资助。

摘　　要：近年来,PM_(2.5)污染成为大气污染的主要来源,长期暴露在高浓度PM_(2.5)的环境中会对人体造成严重损害。空气负离子(NAI)作为改善空气质量的“维生素”,是衡量一个地区空气清洁程度的重要指标。然而,气象条件和植被类型的复杂多变,导致PM_(2.5)与NAI的关系存在诸多不确定性。本研究以暖温带典型造林树种栓皮栎为研究对象,基于2019和2020年6—9月森林植被叶面积相对稳定条件下定位观测获取的NAI、PM_(2.5)和气象数据,研究气象条件相对稳定状态下PM_(2.5)和NAI的时空变化特征,确定PM_(2.5)与NAI的关系,阐明自然状态下PM_(2.5)对NAI的影响机制。结果表明:NAI随PM_(2.5)的升高呈指数下降趋势,二者呈显著负相关关系,回归方程为y=1148.79x-0.123。在PM_(2.5)浓度为0~20、20~40、40~80、80~100和100~120μg·m^(-3)范围内,NAI的下降率分别为40.1%、36.2%、9.4%、2.4%、5.1%和6.8%。应用敏感性分析发现,PM_(2.5)浓度0~40μg·m^(-3)范围是影响NAI的敏感区间。研究结果可为深入了解NAI对环境因素的响应机制提供科学依据。In recent years,PM_(2.5)pollution has become a most important source of air pollution.Prolonged exposure to high PM_(2.5)concentrations can give rise to severe health issues.Negative air ion(NAI)is an important indicator for measuring air quality,which is collectively known as the‘air vitamin’.However,the intricate and fluctuating meteorological conditions and vegetation types result in numerous uncertainties in the correlation between PM_(2.5)and NAI.In this study,we collected data on NAI,PM_(2.5),and meteorological elements through positioning observation during the period of June to September in 2019 and 2020 under the condition of relatively constant leaf area in Quercus variabilis forest,a typical forest in warm temperate zones.We investigated the spatiotemporal variation of PM_(2.5)and NAI under consistent meteorological conditions,established the correlation between PM_(2.5)and NAI,and explicated the impact mechanism of PM_(2.5)on NAI in natural conditions.The results showed that NAI decreased exponentially with the increases in natural PM_(2.5),with a significant negative correlation(y=1148.79x-0.123).The decrease rates of NAI in PM_(2.5)concentrations of 0-20,20-40,40-80,80-100 and 100-120μg·m^(-3) were 40.1%,36.2%,9.4%,2.4%,5.1%and 6.8%,respectively.Results of the sensitivity analysis showed that the PM_(2.5)concentration range of 0-40μg·m^(-3) was the sensitive range that affected NAI.Our findings could provide a scientific basis for better understanding the response mechanisms of NAI to environmental factors.

关 键 词：森林生态系统 空气负离子 PM_(2.5) 影响机制 环境污染 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学]