高能重离子碰撞中带电粒子分布性质的研究  

Reserch on the Distribution Properties of Charged Particles in High-energy HeavyIon Collisions

作　　者：王佳琪 李保春[1] WANG Jiaqi;LI Baochun(School of Physics and Electronics Engineering,Shanxi University,Taiyuan 030006,China)

机构地区：[1]山西大学物理电子工程学院,山西太原030006

出　　处：《山西大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第1期179-186,共8页Journal of Shanxi University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(11575103);山西省自然科学基金(202103021224036)。

摘　　要：本文使用修正后的参与者夸克模型研究了高能重离子碰撞中带电粒子的分布,分析了其中所反映的系统性质。基于多个碰撞能量的Au+Au、Cu+Cu、Pb+Pb以及Xe+Xe碰撞的比对分析,修正模型能够有效地构建出实验中不同碰撞中心度的带电粒子横动量谱的标度特征,计算出了系统的温度T,幂指数n和修正参数a_(0)。研究发现:在多数情况下,中心碰撞的n比边缘碰撞得更大,a_(0)不为1且在不同碰撞中心度下无明显变化。研究还表明:温度与碰撞中心度正相关,碰撞系统的非平衡度随着碰撞能量的增大而升高。这些性质对于理解高能核碰撞过程和其中的带电粒子生成具有重要的参考价值。In this paper,charged-particle spectra in high-energy heavy ion collisions are analyzed by an improved participant quark model,and the properties reflected in the system are analyzed.Based on the comparative analysis of Au+Au,Cu+Cu,Pb+Pb and Xe+Xe collisions with multiple collision energies,the modified model can effectively construct the scaling characteristics of the transverse momentum spectra of charged particles with different collision centralities in the experiment,and calculate the system temperature T,entropy index related n and revised index a_(0).It is discovered that in most instances,the n of the central collisions are even larger than those of the edge,and the value of a_(0) is not equal to 1 and does not change in obviously different collision centralities.Moreover,the analysis reveals that the temperature is positively related to the collision centrality and the non-equilibrium degree of the collision system increases with the collision energy.These properties are significant references for understanding of the process of high-energy nuclear collisions and the generation of charged particles.

关 键 词：高能重离子碰撞 粒子分布性质 参与者夸克模型 碰撞过程 

分 类 号：O572.2[理学—粒子物理与原子核物理]