电力基础设施碳排放核算及减排潜力评估--以特高压交流工程为例  

Carbon emission modeling and emission reduction potential assessment of electricity infrastructure a case study of ultra-high voltage alternating current project

作　　者：唐葆君[1] 许沛昀 于芳 王翔宇 Tang Baojun;Xu Peiyun;Yu Fang;Wang Xiangyu(Center for Energy and Environmental Policy Research,School of Management and Economics,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学管理与经济学院能源与环境政策研究中心,北京100081

出　　处：《煤炭经济研究》2024年第1期90-99,共10页Coal Economic Research

基　　金：国网科技资助项目(1400-202256459A-2-0-ZN)。

摘　　要：作为新型能源体系的重要电力基础设施之一,特高压电网稳步发展,有效促进了清洁能源消纳以及跨区域电能替代;但要全面推动电力行业低碳化发展,仍需在其自身上量化减碳效益,挖掘减碳潜力。首先,以特高压交流工程为例,从建造环节直接碳排放以及运行环节间接碳排放2个维度,分别应用LCA模型、LEAP模型、电能替代理论和能源清洁替代理论,构建特高压交流工程碳排放测算及优化模型。之后,将此模型应用于一具体特高压交流输变电工程案例中,在分析该工程所在省份电力供需情况基础上,进行真实案例的碳排放核算及减排潜力评估。最后综合对“源-网-荷-储”中“网”的研究,对整体电力基础设施建设低碳化发展提出建议:我国电力基础设施建设阶段具有较大减排空间,应发挥好产业链供应链协同拉动作用,优化送端发电结构,建立“源-网-荷-储”低碳绩效评估体系,提升电网整体低碳绩效水平。As one of the important electricity infrastructures of the new energy system,the steady development of the ultra-high voltage(UHV)power grid has effectively promoted the consumption of clean energy and cross-regional electricity substitution.However,there is still a need to quantify the carbon reduction benefits and potential of the UHV grid itself,so as to promote the low-carbon development of the power industry in a more comprehensive manner.Firstly,taking the UHV alternating current(AC)project as an example,the carbon emission measurement and optimization model is constructed from the dimensions of direct and indirect carbon emission,respectively.It applies the LCA model,LEAP model,electric energy substitution theory,and energy clean substitution theory.Then,the model is applied to a specific case of UHV AC transmission and transformation project.On the basis of analyzing the supply and demand of electricity in the province where the project is located,the carbon emission accounting and emission reduction potential assessment of the real case is carried out.Finally,based on the study of the“grid”in“source-grid-load-storage”,some suggestions for the low-carbon development of overall electricity infrastructure are put forward:China’s electricity infrastructure construction link has a large space for emission reduction,and the synergistic pulling effect of the industrial chain and supply chain should be utilized to achieve the overall emission reduction;the power generation structure at the delivery end should be optimized;and the“source-grid-load-storage”low-carbon performance assessment system should be established to enhance the overall low-carbon performance of the power grid.

关 键 词：电力基础设施 特高压交流 直接碳排放 间接碳排放 减排潜力 

分 类 号：F416.2[经济管理—产业经济] F424.2