氯化血红素缓解水稻幼苗期NaCl胁迫的生理特性研究  

Hemin Alleviating the Physiological Characteristics of Rice Seedling in NaCl Stress

作　　者：孟枫岩 冯乃杰 郑殿峰 郭佳宝 陈小凤 江海龙 江雄辉 MENG Fengyan;FENG Naijie;ZHENG Dianfeng;GUO Jiabao;CHEN Xiaofeng;JIANG Hailong;JIANG Xionghui(College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences,Guangdong Ocean University,Zhanjiang,Guangdong 524088,China;South China Center of National Saline-Tolerant Rice Technology Innovation Center,Zhanjiang,Guangdong 524088,China;Shenzhen Re-search Institute,Guangdong Ocean University,Shenzhen,Guangdong 518108,China)

机构地区：[1]广东海洋大学滨海农业学院,广东湛江524088 [2]国家耐盐碱水稻技术创新中心华南中心,广东湛江524088 [3]广东海洋大学深圳研究院,广东深圳518108

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2024年第2期370-385,共16页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：广东省重点领域研发计划项目(No.2020B020219004);广东省教育厅普通高校重点领域专项(No.2021ZDZX40-27);广东省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(No.S202210566032)。

摘　　要：盐胁迫已成为全球范围内最普遍的非生物胁迫,严重影响作物的生长。水稻作为重要的粮食作物,通过化控技术提高其耐盐能力具有重要意义。为研究NaCl胁迫对水稻幼苗生长和生理特性的影响及氯化血红素(hemin)缓解NaCl胁迫调控机制,以黄华占和湘两优900为材料进行盆栽试验,在水稻三叶一心期叶面喷施5μmol/L hemin,48 h进行50 mmol/L NaCl胁迫处理。每品种设置3个处理,分别为(1)CK:0 mmol/L NaCl+喷施蒸馏水;(2)S处理:50 mmol/L NaCl+喷施蒸馏水;(3)SH处理:50 mmol/L NaCl+5μmol/L hemin;NaCl处理后3、6、9、12 d进行取样,测定水稻幼苗生长参数、气体交换参数及生理指标。结果表明:NaCl胁迫下,2个水稻品种的幼苗生长受阻,光合速率下降、活性氧激增。抗氧化酶活性在胁迫前期与CK相比显著增加,但随胁迫时间的延长,酶活性较CK显著下降。其中,NaCl胁迫对黄华占的抑制作用强于湘两优900。叶面喷施hemin增加2个水稻品种的株高、茎基宽、生物量、总根长、根表面积、根体积和根尖数;增强水稻叶片SPAD和光合能力;减少活性氧(O_(2)^(-·)和H_(2)O_(2))积累,降低丙二醛(MDA)含量和电解质渗漏率(EL);激活水稻叶片超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)活性及提高抗坏血酸(AsA)和可溶性蛋白含量。结果表明,NaCl胁迫对水稻幼苗产生抑制作用,叶面喷施hemin可通过提高净光合速率、抗氧化物活性或含量,降低膜脂过氧化程度来缓解NaCl胁迫对水稻幼苗所造成的损伤。Salt stress is the most prevalent abiotic stress globally,severely affecting crop growth.Rice is an important food crop,it is important to improve the salt tolerance of rice through chemical control technology.To further provide the theoretical basis for the application of hemin to rice cultivation under salt stress,it is important to study the adverse effects of NaCl on rice seedling growth and to understand how hemin regulating the physiological process to alleviate stress.A pot experiment was carried out with the rice varieties Huanghuazhan and Xiangliangyou 900 as the materials.During the three leaves and one heart period,after 48 hours of 5μmol/L hemin treatment,50 mmol/L NaCl was applied to the corresponding cultivated soil.Each variety had three treatments,(1)control group:distilled water,(2)S group:50 mmol/L NaCl solution;and(3)SH group:50 mmol/L NaCl+5μmol/L hemin solution.Measurements of seedlings growth characteristics,gas exchange parameters,and physiological indicators were taken after the 3^(rd),6^(th),9^(th) and 12^(nd) days after NaCl treatment,respectively.NaCl stress inhibited the seedling growth of the two rice varieties,reduced the photosynthetic rate,and increased reactive oxygen species.Compared with CK,the antioxidant enzymes activities of S group increased significantly in the early stage,but decreased significantly as the extension of stress time.Among them,the inhibitory effect of NaCl stress on Huanghuazhan was stronger than that of Xiangliangyou 900.Compared with NaCl treatment,exogenous hemin increased plant height,stem base width,biomass,total root length,root surface area,root volume,and root tip number of the two rice varieties.Hemin inhibited reactive oxygen species(O_(2)^(-·)and H_(2)O_(2))ac-cumulation,decreased malondialdehyde(MDA)content,and electrolyte leakage(EL).The photosynthetic capacity and SPAD were enhanced.The activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),peroxidase(POD),catalase(CAT),and ascorbate peroxidase(APX)were increased.Meanwhile,the ascorbic acid(AsA)and soluble

关 键 词：水稻幼苗 NACL胁迫 氯化血红素 形态建成 生理特性 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]