遗嘱处分财产限制之衍进的中国法律史叙事  

The Narration of the Legal History of China on the Evolution of the Property Restriction of Will Disposition

作　　者：蔡晓荣 Cai Xiaorong

机构地区：[1]苏州大学王健法学院

出　　处：《法商研究》2024年第1期168-182,共15页Studies in Law and Business

摘　　要：传统中国基于自身独特的社会伦理和家族主义传统,对被继承人通过遗嘱处分财产之行为采取一种限制性立场,其具有维护父子亲缘格局、维系家族存续和血缘亲情等价值取向。自近代以来,受大陆法系国家继承立法的示范,经由立法者和司法者的持续努力,中国循次而进在继承法中引入了一个立足于个人权利本位、符合形式理性、以限制遗嘱人任意处分遗产为核心内容的特留分制度。回溯遗嘱处分财产限制从传统到近代的衍进脉络可以发现,维护血缘亲情、尊重人伦情理始终是其不变的价值追求。今日重温这些历史叙事,对于我们反思和完善当下中国的遗嘱处分个人财产法律规则,仍可提供良多启示。Based on its own unique social ethics and family tradition,traditional China took a restrictive stance on the disposition of property by the decedent through the will,which carries the value consideration of maintaining the paternity pattern,maintaining the family survival and blood affection.Since modern times,guided by the example of succession legislation in civil law countries,and through the continuous efforts of legislators and judiciaries,China introduced a special separation system based on individual rights,in line with formal rationality,and with the core content of restricting the testator's arbitrary disposition of inheritance.Looking back on the evolution of the restriction of disposal of property by will from tradition to modern times,we can find that the value pursuit of maintaining blood and kinship and respecting human ethics is always the same.Reviewing these historical narratives today,it can still provide a lot of inspiration for us to reflect on and improve the legal rules of disposal of personal property by will in China.

关 键 词：遗嘱处分财产 特留分制度 血缘亲情 

分 类 号：D929[政治法律—法学]