检察建议的谱系脉络及分类发展构想  

On the Generation-based Evolution of Prosecutorial Suggestions and Conception of Their Categorization-based Development

作　　者：张薰尹 ZHANG Xunyin

机构地区：[1]国家检察官学院,北京102206

出　　处：《政治与法律》2024年第3期56-68,共13页Political Science and Law

基　　金：2023年度国家检察官学院科研项目“新时代检察建议的实践与发展”(项目编号:GJY2023NY03)的研究成果。

摘　　要：检察建议作为中国检察实践的原创,是基于法律监督的属性要求和检察职权的发展需求在不变与变中相互融通、统一表达的生成结果。通过构建检察建议谱系图,可将检察建议的发展脉络分为三代:“法律守护人”角色、“法律守护人”“公益维护人”双角色、“法律守护人”“公益维护人”“治理参与人”三重角色,并呈现出“从监督者的督促纠正方式到建议者的协商共治方式”“从整体发展到分类发展”的趋势。检察建议的分类发展,应按照社会治理类检察建议和法律监督类检察建议重构:法律监督类检察建议是依附于相应的检察职权的一种可选择的“刚柔并济”的非诉监督方式,而社会治理类检察建议应通过立法成为检察职权外延发展下的社会治理检察职权。Prosecutorial suggestions,as the originality of Chinese prosecutorial practices,is a generative result of the uniform expression and dynamic interaction of the inherent requirements of legal supervision and the evolving demands of prosecutorial powers between the unchangeable and the changeable.Through the construction of a phenogram for prosecutorial suggestions,their developmental history can be divided into three generations:the role of the“guardian of the law,”the dual roles of“guardian of the law”and“advocate for public welfare”,and the triad roles of“guardian of the law”“advocate for public welfare”and“participant in governance”and this signifies a trend of developing“from a mode of correction urged by a supervisor to one of and co-governance upon consultation by a suggester”and“from overall development to categorization-based development”.The categorizationbased development of prosecutorial suggestions should be reshaped according to the distinction between those oriented towards social governance and those focused on legal supervision.The latter is a kind of optional non-litigation supervision mode with“harmonized hardness and softness”,while the former should become a kind of prosecutorial power of social governance under the development of extending prosecutorail power through legislation.

关 键 词：检察建议 谱系图 法律监督 检察职权 

分 类 号：DF83[政治法律—法学]