HPV疫苗接种后不良反应的发生情况及影响因素调查  

Investigation on the Occurrence and Influencing Factors of Adverse Reactions After HPV Vaccination

作　　者：董宝艳 黄姗姗 王芳 DONG Baoyan;HUANG Shanshan;WANG Fang(Department of Physical Examination,Fuding Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Fujian Province,Fuding Fujian 355200,China;Vaccination Clinic,Dianxia Central Health Center,Fuding City,Fuding Fujian 355208,China;Department of Public Health,Dianxia Central Health Center,Fuding City,Fuding Fujian 355208,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省福鼎市疾病预防控制中心健康体检科,福建福鼎355200 [2]福鼎市店下中心卫生院预防接种门诊,福建福鼎355208 [3]福鼎市店下中心卫生院公共卫生科,福建福鼎355208

出　　处：《中国卫生标准管理》2024年第4期55-58,共4页China Health Standard Management

摘　　要：目的 探讨人乳头瘤病毒(human papilloma virus,HPV)疫苗接种后不良反应的发生情况及影响因素。方法 选择2021年1月—2022年1月福鼎市店下中心卫生院预防接种门诊接种HPV疫苗的649例女性作为对象进行研究。于研究对象接种后进行为期6个月的电话、问卷随访,对接种后的不良反应发生情况进行记录。将发生不良反应的女性作为观察组,未发生不良反应的女性作为对照组。分析疫苗接种女性资料,对比资料间的差异,总结不良反应发生的相关危险因素,并通过logistic回归分析HPV疫苗接种后不良反应发生的主要危险因素并提出解决措施。结果 649例女性中,有318例接种1针剂,181例接种2针剂,150例接种3针剂,HPV疫苗接种完成后30 min内未出现全身、局部不良反应,在接种6个月内,有9例出现轻微酸胀,5例出现接种部位胀痛情况,有5例女性出现月经周期紊乱,3例出现腹痛,2例出现尿路感染,未发生意外怀孕以及人流的情况,不良反应发生率为3.70%(24/649)。2组患者身体质量指数、接种剂型、接种疫苗种类比较,差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05);过敏史、疫苗接种史、接种后食用鱼虾、接种后进行剧烈体育运动、合并慢性疾病、免疫功能异常、年龄比较,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05);多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,接种后食用鱼虾、接种后进行剧烈体育运动、免疫功能异常为HPV疫苗接种后发生不良反应的主要危险因素(P <0.05)。结论 女性在接种HPV疫苗后食用鱼虾、剧烈体育运动、免疫功能异常会增加接种后不良反应的发生风险,在疫苗接种前后应详细解读说明书及注意事项,降低不良反应的发生率,保证接种的安全性。Objective To investigate the occurrence and influencing factors of adverse reactions after human papilloma virus(HPV)vaccination.Methods A total of 649 women who received HPV vaccine in vaccination clinic,Dianxia Central Health Center,Fuding City from January 2021 to January 2022 were selected as the subjects for study.The subjects were followed up by telephone and questionnaire for 6 months after vaccination,and the occurrence of adverse reactions after vaccination was recorded.Women with adverse reactions were taken as the observation group,and women without adverse reactions were taken as the control group.The data of vaccinated women were analyzed,the differences between the data were compared,and the related risk factors for adverse reactions were summarized.The main risk factors for adverse reactions after HPV vaccination were analyzed by logistic regression and solutions were proposed.Results Among the 649 women,318 received 1 dose,181 received 2 doses,and 150received 3 doses.No systemic or local adverse reactions occurred within 30 minutes after HPV vaccination.Within 6 months of vaccination,9 cases had mild distension,5 cases had distension at the vaccination site,5 cases had menstrual cycle disturbance,and 3 cases had abdominal pain.Urinary tract infection occurred in 2 cases,and no unplanned pregnancy or abortion occurred,the incidence of adverse reactions was 3.70%(24/649).There were no significant differences in body mass index,dosage form and type of vaccine between the two groups(P > 0.05).There were significant differences in allergy history,vaccination history,consumption of fish and shrimp after vaccination,vigorous physical exercise after vaccination,chronic diseases,immune dysfunction and age(P < 0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that consumption of fish and shrimp after vaccination,vigorous physical exercise after vaccination,and abnormal immune function were the main risk factors for adverse reactions after HPV vaccination(P < 0.05).Conclusion Consumption of fish and shr

关 键 词：HPV疫苗 不良反应 月经不调 腹痛 尿路感染 影响因素 

分 类 号：R711[医药卫生—妇产科学]