实施碳预算的国际经验借鉴  

International Experience and Reference in Implementing Carbon Budgets

作　　者：杨儒浦 李丽平 

机构地区：[1]生态环境部环境与经济政策研究中心,北京100029

出　　处：《中国能源》2023年第11期73-81,共9页Energy of China

摘　　要：碳排放总量控制工作设计与执行的核心,离不开对未来一定时间内碳排放预算的管理。学习国际碳预算工作推动经验,有助于我国制定实施碳排放总量控制工作。研究结合法国和英国政府的公开文件,详细介绍了法国在不同时期内不同温室气体的总量控制目标制定实施情况,并分析英国碳预算制定流程、进度监测和评估方法,详细解读英国各领域控排指标和目标分解情况;同时以陆地交通运输领域为例,介绍其减排进展的评估框架。本文结合法国和英国碳预算制度的特点,总结了科学制定长期碳预算目标、将控排目标分解至重点领域和特定类别温室气体、兼顾生产端和消费端减排、建立全面系统的进展评估机制等四方面的政策建议。The core of the design and implementation of carbon emission control is inseparable from the management of carbon emission budgets for a certain period of time in the future.Learning from the international experience of carbon budgeting can help China to formulate and implement the work of controlling total carbon emissions.Based on the public documents of the French and British governments,this study details the development and implementation of France's total greenhouse gas emissions control targets at different periods,analyzes the process of carbon budgeting in the UK,as well as monitoring and evaluation methods,and explains in detail the decomposition of emission control indicators and targets in various fields in the UK.The evaluation framework of emission reduction progress in the field of land transport is used as an example.Based on the characteristics of the carbon budget systems in France and the UK,the study puts forward four policy recommendations:scientifically setting long-term carbon budget goals;decomposing emission control targets into key areas and specific categories of greenhouse gases;considering both production and consumption-side emissions reductions;and establishing a comprehensive and systematic progress evaluation mechanism.

关 键 词：碳预算 国际经验 英国 法国 

分 类 号：F812.3[经济管理—财政学] X321[环境科学与工程—环境工程]