耐水性CA PVA纳米纤维膜的制备与性能  

Preparation and properties of CA PVA nanofibrous membrane with high water resistance

作　　者：张佳鹏 王琰 姚菊明[2,3,4,5] JIRI Militky DANA Kremenakova 祝国成 ZHANG Jiapeng;WANG Yan;YAO Juming;JIRI Militky;DANA Kremenakova;ZHU Guocheng(College of Textile Science and Engineering(International Institute of Silk),Zhejiang Sci-Tech University,Hangzhou 310018,China;Zhejiang-Czech Joint Laboratory of Advanced Fiber Materials,Zhejiang Sci-Tech University,Hangzhou 310018,China;School of Materials Science&Engineering,Zhejiang Sci-Tech University,Hangzhou 310018,China;School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering,Ningbo University,Ningbo 315201,China;Advanced Textile Technology Innovation Center(Jianhu Laboratory),Shaoxing 312000,China;Faculty of Textile Engineering,Technical University of Liberec,Liberec 46117,the Czech Repubilc)

机构地区：[1]浙江理工大学纺织科学与工程学院(国际丝绸学院) [2]浙江理工大学浙江-捷克先进纤维材料联合实验室 [3]浙江理工大学材料科学与工程学院,杭州310018 [4]宁波大学材料科学与化学工程学院,宁波315201 [5]现代纺织技术创新中心(鉴湖实验室),浙江绍兴312000 [6]利贝雷茨理工大学纺织工程学院,捷克利贝雷茨46117

出　　处：《现代纺织技术》2024年第2期96-104,共9页Advanced Textile Technology

基　　金：浙江省“尖兵”“领雁”研发攻关计划项目(2023C01194);高等学校学科创新引智计划资助项目(D21011);浙江理工大学基本科研业务费专项资金项目(22202304-Y)。

摘　　要：为制备可降解、高比表面积、吸附效率高的吸附膜材料,采用静电纺丝技术制备一种醋酸纤维素(CA)聚乙烯醇(PVA)复合纳米纤维膜。用可降解的CA为原料制备CA纳米纤维膜;为提高CA纳米纤维膜的力学性能,与PVA共混纺丝,制备了CA PVA复合纳米纤维膜;为改善膜的耐水性能,采用戊二醛(GA)蒸汽交联法对CA PVA纳米纤维膜进行交联改性处理,而后对CA PVA纳米纤维膜的表观形貌、耐水性能,力学性能以及吸附性能进行了评价分析。研究发现:CA与PVA共混后仍具有良好的可纺性;CA PVA纳米纤维膜的表面经GA交联后逐渐致密化;改性后的CA PVA纳米纤维膜在水中24 h后质量损失率由改性前的70.76%下降到7.28%;耐水性能随温度和pH值的增加而降低,在25~35℃、pH值为5的条件下,膜的质量损失率最低,为5%左右;断裂强度由0.76 MPa提高到1.51 MPa,断裂伸长率由6.31%提高到8.03%;对Cu 2+的吸附在2 h后达到平衡,最大吸附量达到89.52 mg g,说明改性后的CA PVA纳米纤维膜具有良好的耐水性能及力学性能,对重金属离子的吸附具有良好效果,为重金属废水的处理提供了一种有效方法。Heavy metal ions are widely present in the aquatic environment,not only damaging the aquatic ecosystem,but also accumulating in the human body,and posing a serious threat to health.Therefore,it is necessary to remove heavy metal ions from water.Compared to traditional methods,the membrane separation method has the characteristics of low energy consumption,high accuracy,simple equipment,simple operation,and wide application range,making it one of the most promising separation technologies at present.Among numerous separation membranes,nanofiber membranes have become one of the most widely used separation membrane materials due to their high specific surface area,easy modification,and high adsorption efficiency.Nanofiber membranes can be prepared through various methods,and electrospinning is currently one of the most commonly used preparation techniques.The preparation process is fast,efficient,and the equipment is simple and easy to operate.At present,the use of natural,environmentally friendly,economical,and efficient raw materials to develop water treatment membrane materials has become a research trend.Cellulose acetate(CA)is a derivative of cellulose,which has advantages such as wide source,low price,and biodegradability.Its molecules contain a large number of hydroxyl groups,making it a good natural adsorption material.However,there are also a large number of hydrogen bonds between and within CA molecules,which can cause tight intermolecular connections and make it difficult for molecular chains to move.There are also shortcomings in the mechanical properties of CA nanofiber membranes,such as low strength and poor toughness.Polyvinyl alcohol(PVA),as a good degradable material,not only has good fiber forming properties and excellent mechanical properties,but also has a large number of negatively charged hydroxyl groups on the molecular chain,which can adsorb a large number of heavy metal cations.Therefore,co-spinning CA and PVA can not only improve the performance of CA nanofiber membranes,but also avoid the

关 键 词：醋酸纤维素 纳米纤维膜 戊二醛 交联 缩醛反应 离子吸附 

分 类 号：TQ342.4[化学工程—化纤工业]