基于GIS的张家界国家森林公园景观视觉敏感度评价  

Evaluation of Landscape Visual Sensitivity in Zhangjiajie National Forest ParkBasedonGlS

作　　者：夏梦霞 吴金桃 孙青 刘清和 李悦丰 XIA Mengxia;WU Jintao;SUN Qing;LIU Qinghe;LI Yuefeng(School of Civil Engineering&Architecture,Jishou University,Zhangjiajie,Hunan,China,427099)

机构地区：[1]吉首大学土木工程与建筑学院,张家界427099

出　　处：《园林》2024年第3期113-120,共8页Landscape Architecture Academic Journal

摘　　要：以张家界国家森林公园内24个代表性景观节点为研究对象进行景观视觉敏感度评价。选取相对坡度、相对距离、视觉几率和醒目度4个敏感度评价指标,客观层面以ArcGIS空间分析法为基础,主观层面以专家评价法为补充,使用AHP层次分析法构建评价体系,划分Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ级视觉敏感度等级。结果表明,景观视觉敏感度Ⅰ级景点6个、Ⅱ级景点8个、Ⅲ级景点6个、Ⅳ级景点4个。总结张家界国家森林公园景点景观视觉敏感度高低排序特点:(1)按高程,山上>山下;(2)按空间类型,临崖>临水>人文>林下;(3)按景区,袁家界>杨家界>天子山>黄石寨>金鞭溪>十里画廊。通过定量化评价景点的景观视觉敏感度,提出研究区域景观保护与管理的相应建议,以期为森林公园的开发建设与景观规划提供依据和科学指导。The 24 representative landscape nodes in Zhangjiajie National Forest Park are taken as research objects for landscape visual sensitivity evaluation,Selecting four sensitivity evaluation indexes,namely,relative slope,relative distance,visual probability and conspicuity,the objective level is based on ArcGIS spatial analysis method,and the subjective level was supplemented by the expert evaluation method,and constructing an evaluation system using the AHP hierarchical analysis method to classify the visual sensitivity levels of I,II,II and IV.The results show that there are 6 attractions at I level,8 attractions at II level,6 attractions at II level and 4 attractions at IV level of landscape visual sensitivity.Summarise the characteristics of Zhangjiajie National Forest Park's attractions in terms of high and low visual sensitivity ranking of landscapes:(1)by elevation,top of mountain>bottom of mountain;(2)by spatial type,cliff>waterfront>humanities>underwoods;(3)by scenic area,Yuan-jiajie>Yangjiajie>TianziMount>Huangshizhai>Golden Whip Creek>Ten Mile Gallery.Through quantitative research to evaluate the landscape visual sensitivity of the attractions,and based on the evaluation results to put forward the corresponding recommendations for landscape protection and management of the study area,hoping to provide a basis and scientific guidance for the development and construction of forest parks and landscape planning.

关 键 词：ARCGIS 森林公园 视觉敏感度 景观评价 张家界 

分 类 号：TU986[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]