花岗质岩石中黑云母成分区域性变化对深部物质示踪及成矿的约束:以秦岭地区为例  

Regional variation of biotite composition of granitoid and its significance to deep crust component and mineralization:A case study on biotite from Early Mesozoic granitoid in the Qinling orogen

作　　者：王晓霞[1] 王涛 陈小丹[1] 柯昌辉 杨阳[4] WANG XiaoXia;WANG Tao;CHEN XiaoDan;KE ChangHui;YANG Yang(MNR Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment,Institute of Mineral Resources,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing 100037,China;SinoProbe Laboratory,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing 100094,China;Beijing SHRIMP Center,Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing 100037,China;School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang'an University,Xi'an 710054,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所,自然资源部成矿作用与资源评价重点实验室,北京100037 [2]自然资源部深地科学与探测技术实验室,北京100094 [3]北京离子探针中心,中国地质科学院地质研究所,北京100037 [4]长安大学地球科学与资源学院,西安710054

出　　处：《岩石学报》2024年第3期811-826,共16页Acta Petrologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42172065、41572052);国家重点基础研究发展计划(2019YFA0708604)联合资助.

摘　　要：秦岭造山带早中生代花岗质岩浆及成矿作用非常发育,是探讨地壳深部物质组成及成矿关系的重要地区之一,学者已从岩石学、矿床学和地球化学等角度开展了众多研究,但对成矿作用与花岗岩和地壳深部物质组成的认识仍不太清楚。黑云母是中酸性岩中常见的暗色矿物,也是指示成矿可能性的重要矿物之一。因此,本文对秦岭该期花岗质岩石中黑云母成分开展研究,为解决该问题探索新途径。对秦岭早中生代花岗质岩石中黑云母成分的研究结果显示,北秦岭和南秦岭两个构造单元中黑云母成分和形成物理条件存在系统差异,揭示其岩浆物源有别,进而制约了其成矿种类特征。北秦岭早中生代花岗质岩石中黑云母的成分和形成条件变化范围小,以MgO(8%~13%)、TiO_(2)(3%~5%)和Cl(0.02%~0.6%)含量较高,F(0.2%~0.4%)含量较低,以及较高的氧逸度(log f O_(2)值为-16.96~-14.62)和温度(682~771℃)为特征;而南秦岭的成分和形成条件总体变化范围较大,具有MgO(3%~15%)、TiO_(2)(2%~4.5%)、Cl(0.01%~0.18%)含量较低,F(0.1%~1.6%)含量较高,以及较低的氧逸度(log f O_(2)值为-20.88~-15.08)和温度(536~754℃)。此外,研究还显示,黑云母的形成压力与岩浆演化程度和矿物组合相关,当岩石中出现黑云母+白云母±石榴子石组合时,压力较高。秦岭两个构造单元中黑云母成分和形成条件的差异,特别是氧逸度和Cl含量的明显不同,揭示各自的成矿种类和成矿潜力不同,如北秦岭较高的氧逸度和Cl含量,形成铜矿的潜力比南秦岭大。同时,两个构造单元中黑云母的成分差异,还揭示了岩浆物源及深部物质组成的不同,即北秦岭比南秦岭具有更为年轻的地壳,这与区域同位素填图示踪的深部物质组成差异基本一致。由此可见,对区域上同时代花岗质岩石中黑云母成分的研究,不仅可以揭示岩浆演化、岩浆结晶过程物理化学条件等,还可�The Qinling orogen,which is well development of granitic magmas and mineralization in the Early Mesozoic,is one of the important areas to study the relationship of deep crust composition and mineralization.Many studies have been carried out from the petrology,ore deposit and geochemistry,but the understanding of mineralization and composition of granite and deep crust component is still unclear.Biotite is a common mineral in medium-acid igneous rocks and one of the important minerals indicating the possibility of mineralization.Therefore,biotite composition in granitic rocks of this period in the Qinling orogen is studied in this paper to explore a new way to solve this problem.The study of biotite composition in the Early Mesozoic granitic rocks of the Qinling orogen shows that there are systematic differences in biotite composition and formation conditions in the North Qinling and South Qinling,indicating that their magmatic sources are different,thus restricting the characteristics of ore-forming types.The composition and formation condition variation of biotite in the Early Mesozoic granitic rocks in the North Qinling are small,characterized by the high contents of MgO(8%~13%),TiO_(2)(3%~5%)and Cl(0.02%~0.6%)and low content of F(0.2%~0.4%).And high oxygen fugaticity(log f O_(2)value of-16.96~-14.62)and temperature(682~771℃).While these of the South Qinling vary widely,with low contents of MgO(3%~15%),TiO_(2)(2%~4.5%)and Cl(0.01%~0.18%)and high content of F(0.1%~1.6%).And low oxygen fugacity(log f O_(2)value of-20.88~-15.08)and temperature(536~754℃).In addition,the study also shows that the pressure of biotite is related to the degree of magma evolution and mineral association,and the pressure is higher when the biotite+muscovite±garnet association occurs in the rock.The difference of biotite composition and formation conditions in the two tectonic units of the Qinling orogen,especially the obvious difference of oxygen fugacity and Cl content,reveals the different mineralization types and ore-forming pote

关 键 词：黑云母成分 物理化学条件 花岗质岩石 成矿作用 地壳深部物质 

分 类 号：P578.959[天文地球—矿物学] P588.121[天文地球—地质学] P611