基于结构方程模型的森林生态系统空气负离子影响机制分析  

The influence mechanism of negative air ion in forest ecosystem based on structural equation

作　　者：蔡露露 王聪慧 张劲松[4] 孟平[4] 施光耀 CAI Lulu;WANG Conghui;ZHANG Jinsong;MENG Ping;SHI Guangyao(School of Ecology and Environment,Ningxia University/Breeding Base for State Key Laboratory of Land Degradation and Ecological Restoration in Northwest China,Yinchuan 750021,China;Rural Revitalization Service Center in Pingluo,Shizuishan 753400,China;Ningxia Yinchuan Urban Forest Ecosystem Research Station,State Forestry Administration,Yinchuan 750021,China;Research Institute of Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry/Xiaolangdi National Forest Ecosystem Research Station on the Middle Yellow River,Beijing 100091,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学生态环境学院/西北土地退化与生态恢复省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地,银川750021 [2]平罗县乡村振兴服务中心,石嘴山753400 [3]宁夏银川城市森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站,银川750021 [4]中国林业科学研究院林业研究所/黄河小浪底国家森林生态系统定位站,北京100091

出　　处：《生态学报》2024年第4期1662-1670,共9页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：宁夏自然科学基金(2023AAC03142);宁夏高等学校自然科学优秀青年项目(NYG2022006)。

摘　　要：空气负离子(Negative air ion, NAI)是衡量空气质量的重要指标之一,受到植被和环境的共同影响。然而,森林生态系统作为NAI产生的重要来源,森林中的植被和环境之间的相互作用以及对NAI的影响机制和贡献潜力仍难以捉摸。以暖温带森林生态系统中广泛分布的栓皮栎(Quercus variabilis BI.)为对象,基于自动观测设备长期定位观测获取了气象、土壤性质、空气洁净度以及植被光合等数据,利用皮尔逊相关系数分析和偏最小二乘结构方程模型分析了森林植被和环境要素对NAI的影响机制和贡献潜力。结果表明,环境要素和植被光合对NAI的贡献差异显著,植被光合对NAI的贡献潜力为62.65%,环境要素对NAI的贡献率为37.35%。环境要素中太阳辐射和饱和水汽压差的影响程度最大,分别为68.94%和16.55%。植被光合和PM2.5主要通过直接效应影响NAI,而光合有效辐射、紫外辐射、土壤温湿度和饱和水汽压差主要通过间接效应影响NAI。因此,利用结构方程模型可以阐明植被光合与环境要素的变化对NAI的影响趋势,从而全面揭示了森林生态系统中植被产生NAI的作用机制以及环境对NAI的影响趋势,并为评估森林生态系统对NAI的贡献潜力提供理论基础。Negative air ion(NAI)is an important index for measuring air quality and is affected by vegetation and the environment in the forest.However,forest ecosystems are an essential source of NAI,and we know little about how the interactions are between forest vegetation and the environment,and its effects on NAI.In this paper,we selected Quercus variabilis as research subjects in warm temperate forest ecosystems and obtained meteorology,soil properties,air cleanliness,and vegetation photosynthesis data based on long-term positioning of automatic observation equipment.Finally,we analyzed the influence mechanism and contribution potential of forest vegetation and environmental elements on NAI using Pearson correlation analysis and partial least squares structural equation modeling(PLS-SEM).The results showed that the contribution of the environment elements and vegetation photosynthesis to NAI were significantly different,the contribution potential of vegetation photosynthesis was 62.65%,and the environment elements were 37.35%.The contribution of solar radiation and vapor pressure deficit(VPD)was the highest among the environment elements,with 68.94%and 16.55%contribution rates.Vegetation photosynthesis and PM2.5 mainly affected NAI through direct effects,while photosynthetically active radiation,ultraviolet radiation,soil temperature,humidity,and VPD mainly affected NAI through indirect effects.Therefore,the structural equation model can be used to clarify the impact of vegetation and environment on NAI in the forest.This study can improve a comprehensively understanding of the influence mechanism of the environment elements and vegetation photosynthesis on NAI in forest ecosystems,and provide a theoretical basis for assessing the contribution potential of forest ecosystems to NAI.

关 键 词：空气负离子 结构方程 光合作用 气象要素 日光诱导叶绿素荧光 

分 类 号：Q94[生物学—植物学]