火炬树在北美和中国空间分布差异对比及防范入侵措施  

Comparing spatial distribution of torch tree in North America and China and its preventing measures

作　　者：林敬梧 桂东伟[1,2] LIN Jingwu;GUI Dongwei(State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology,Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Urumqi 830011,China;University of Chinese Academy of Science,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830011 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《生态学报》2024年第4期1692-1699,共8页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：新疆自然基金(2022D01E099)。

摘　　要：火炬树原产于北美洲东部,引进中国后主要栽培于贫瘠土壤上,用于植树造林和保持水土。然而其入侵性和扩散能力较强,管控不当将会严重破坏侵入地生态系统的多样性。采用了GIS和MaxEnt模型相结合的方法,模拟了火炬树在北美和中国地区的适宜分布区域,分析了主要环境影响因素,并利用ROC曲线验证模型结果的准确度。研究结果表明:火炬树在北美和中国的适宜分布区域都主要集中在30°-40°N气候相对湿润地带;影响MaxEnt模型预测结果的关键环境因子都是气候因子;预测模型的AUC值都大于9。但两个地区的部分环境因子的阈值范围存在明显差异,说明在入侵中国后火炬树的气候空间和生态位发生了较大变化,对中国本地的生态系统构成一定威胁。可为防疫监测和林业部门的工作提供参考依据,有助于其制定早期预警和监管措施,从而有效防治中国地区火炬树的入侵和保护生物多样性。Rhus typhina L is native to the eastern part of North America.After its introduction to China,it has been mainly cultivated in infertile plains for afforestation and soil conservation purposes.However,due to its strong invasive and spreading abilities,the inadequate management will severely disrupt the biodiversity of invaded ecosystems.In this study,a combined approach using GIS and the MaxEnt model was employed to simulate the suitable distribution areas of Rhus typhina L in North America and China,and to analyze the environmental factors influencing its distribution.The accuracy of the model simulation was validated using ROC curves.The research results indicate that the suitable distribution areas of Rhus typhina L in both North America and China are predominantly concentrated in regions with a relatively humid climate between 30 to 40 degrees north latitude.The key environmental factors influencing the predictive results of the MaxEnt model were climate-related factors.The AUC values of the predictive models were greater than 0.9 for both regions.However,there were significant differences in the threshold ranges of certain environmental factors between the two regions.After invading China,Rhus typhina L has undergone significant changes in its climatic niche and ecological space,posing a certain threat to the local ecosystems in China.This study provides a reference basis for quarantine monitoring and forestry departments,aiding in the formulation of early warning and regulatory measures to effectively prevent the invasion of Rhus typhina L in China and protect biodiversity.

关 键 词：火炬树 MaxEnt模型 空间适宜分布 入侵植物 环境因子 生态危害 

分 类 号：TP3[自动化与计算机技术—计算机科学与技术]