自适应分流交替电弧WAAM电弧行为与熔滴过渡  

Arc behavior and droplet transfer in self-adaptive shunt alternating arc WAAM

作　　者：胡青松[1,2] 闫朝阳 章朋田[1,2] 陈树君 HU Qingsong;YAN Zhaoyang;ZHANG Pengtian;CHEN Shujun(Engineering Research Center of Advanced Manufacturing Technology for Automotive Components Ministry of Education,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing,100124,China;China Spacesat Co,Ltd.Beijing Spacecrafts,Beijing,100124,China)

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学,汽车结构部件先进制造技术教育部工程研究中心,北京100124 [2]中国空间技术研究院,北京卫星制造厂有限公司,北京100124

出　　处：《焊接学报》2024年第2期41-46,I0005,共7页Transactions of The China Welding Institution

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助(52205322);中国博士后科学基金面上资助(2022M720312);北京市博士后工作经费资助(2022-ZZ-063).

摘　　要：传统电弧由于热输入高、熔覆率低,无法直接应用于电弧熔丝增材制造(wire and arc additive manufacturing,WAAM)技术.该文提出极性变换自适应分流交替电弧WAAM工艺方法,在钨电极,工件和丝材间形成交替电弧.根据EN/EP电流转换时自适应分流并主动诱导交替电弧形成.该新型热源能满足以丝材阳极-钨电极阴极的EN电弧熔化丝材;以钨电极阳极-工件阴极的EP电弧清理工件,并通过适当的调节实现电弧热质力传输的受控解耦.验证了该新型热源的适用性,并对比分析了焊接速度和丝材高度下对电弧行为及熔滴过渡的影响.结果表明,当焊接速度为5.7 mm/s和丝材高度为8 mm时,沉积层形貌较好且熔滴过渡规律;与传统变极性等离子电弧(variable polarity plasma arc,VPPA)熔丝增材制造技术相比,其自适应分流交替电弧显著提高了丝材的沉积效率且降低了母材热输入,较好的兼顾了增材质量与增材效率.The traditional arc welding heat source could't be directly applied to wire and arc additive manufacturing(WAAM)due to high heat input and low deposition rate.A technology for alternating-arc-based additive manufacturing was proposed through self-adaptive shunt.The technology form alternating arcs between the tungsten electrode,workpiece,and welding wire,and induce the alternating arc based on the EN/EP current transition.The heat source utilized the EN arc melting wire with wire anode-tungsten electrode cathode,and the workpiece was cleaned by the EP arc of the tungsten electrode anode-workpiece cathode,achieving decoupling of arc heat and force transfer through proper adjustment.The applicability of the innovative source had been verified,and the influence of welding speed and wire height on arc behavior and droplet transition had been compared and analyzed in this article.The results showed that when the welding speed was 5.7 mm/s and the wire height was 8 mm,the morphology of the deposited layer was better and the droplet transfer was better.Furthermore,compared to traditional VPPA-WAAM,the adaptive-shunt alternating arc significantly increased the deposition efficiency and reduces the heat input to the substrate,while maintaining a balance between additive manufacturing quality and efficiency.

关 键 词：电弧熔丝增材制造 交替电弧 熔滴过渡 电弧行为 焊缝成形 

分 类 号：TG455[金属学及工艺—焊接]