越冬前后海马齿脂肪酸和挥发性有机物组成和变化特征  

Composition and changes in fatty acids and volatile organic compounds in Sesuvium portulacastrum during overwintering

作　　者：毕正浩 杨芳[2] 潘渊博 杨玲 林忠州 罗冬莲[2] 周成旭[1] BI Zheng-hao;YANG Fang;PAN Yuan-bo;YANG Ling;LIN Zhong-zhou;LUO Dong-lian;ZHOU Cheng-xu(School of Food and Pharmacy,Ningbo University,Ningbo 315211,China;Key Laboratory of Cultivation and High-value Utilization of Marine Organisms in Fujian Province,Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian,Xiamen 361013,China;Ocean College of Ningbo University,Ningbo 315211,China)

机构地区：[1]宁波大学食品与药学学院,浙江宁波315211 [2]福建省水产研究所,福建省海洋生物增养殖与高值化利用重点实验室,福建厦门361013 [3]宁波大学海洋学院,浙江宁波315211

出　　处：《海洋科学》2023年第12期40-54,共15页Marine Sciences

基　　金：福建省公益类科研院所基本科研专项(2020R1013004、2020R1013007);福建省海洋服务与渔业高质量发展专项资金项目(FJHY-YYKJ-2022-1-5)。

摘　　要：海马齿是一种热带和亚热带盐生植物,既是传统野生菜蔬,也在海岸带生态修复中发挥重要作用。北移种植海马齿进行生态修复时,越冬低温的影响是成功与否的首要关注问题,其机制尚待解明。脂肪酸在生物耐受低温中发挥作用,挥发性有机物与脂肪酸代谢关系密切。本研究利用海湾环境中生态修复浮床上的海马齿样品,重点解析北移种植环境下,海马齿植株不同部位受越冬影响前后的脂肪酸和挥发性有机物的组成、差异及变化特征。结果显示,海马齿的花、叶、茎和根样本中,共检出14种脂肪酸,根中的脂肪酸种类数相对最多;多不饱和脂肪酸在花和叶中的含量(平均分别为56.46%和60.23%)总体大于茎和根(平均分别为41.56%和44.45%)。茎、叶中共检出86种挥发性有机物,蘑菇醇为优势种类。越冬后脂肪酸和挥发性有机物种类数量显著降低,多不饱和脂肪酸比例在冻伤植株中显著升高;就植株脂质营养指数而言,耐受越冬低温的植株其脂质营养品质提高。越冬造成海马齿两类化合物发生显著变化,其中C18脂肪酸代谢响应有重要贡献, C18:3(n-3)和蘑菇醇分别是脂肪酸与挥发性物质中最为重要的两个代谢产物,可能与抗冻应激有密切关系。本研究为推广海马齿种植以构建可持续近海生态修复体系提供了参考。Sesuvium portulacastrum is a tropical and subtropical salt plant.It is a traditional wild vegetable that has been employed in the ecological restoration of coastal zones.However,low-temperature stress is a primary concern for favorable planting in northern areas for ecological restoration,and the mechanism remains unclear.Fatty acids(FAs)play pivotal roles in resistance to low temperatures,and volatile organic compounds(VOCs)are vital me-tabolites of FAs.In this study,the composition,differences,and changes in FAs and VOCs in different parts of S.portulacastrum before and after overwintering were characterized using plant samples from northern-planted eco-logical restoration floating beds.The results demonstrated that 14 FAs were detected in the flowers,leaves,stems,and roots of the plant.Roots contained the highest number of FA species.Flowers and leaves contained a higher proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFA,averaging 56.46%and 60.23%,respectively)than stems and roots(averaging 41.56%and 44.45%,respectively).A total of 86 VOCs were detected in the stems and leaves,where mushroom alcohol was dominant species.The species number of FAs and VOCs reduced significantly after over-wintering,and the proportion of PUFA increased significantly in freeze-damaged plants.In terms of plant lipotropic index,plants that tolerated overwintering temperatures had enhanced lipotropic quality.Overwintering caused sig-nificant changes in two classes of compounds,among which the responses of C18 fatty acid metabolism may be critical,and C18:3(n-3)and mushroom alcohol presented as the two most pivotal metabolites that might be closely associated with resistance to low-temperature stress.This study provides a reference for the wide application of S.portulacastrum in constructing sustainable ecological restoration systems.

关 键 词：海马齿 北移越冬 挥发性有机物 脂肪酸 脂质营养 

分 类 号：Q948.1[生物学—植物学]