复合益生菌和底质深度对硬壳蛤育苗效果的影响  

Effect of compound probiotics and substrate depth on the breeding of hard clam(Mercenaria mercenaria)

作　　者：孟良 李华煜 王元宁 李金泽 李永仁 郭永军 张涛[2] MENG Liang;LI Hua-yu;WANG Yuan-ning;LI Jin-ze;LI Yong-ren;GUO Yong-jun;ZHANG Tao(Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aqua-ecology and Aquaculture,Fisheries College,Tianjin Agricultural University,Tianjin 300384,China;CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences,Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Qingdao 266071,China)

机构地区：[1]天津农学院水产学院天津市水产生态及养殖重点实验室,天津300384 [2]中国科学院海洋研究所海洋生态与环境科学重点实验室,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《海洋科学》2023年第12期55-62,共8页Marine Sciences

基　　金：由天津市科委项目(20YFZCSN00240);天津市农委项目(202103010);国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-49)。

摘　　要：硬壳蛤(Mercenaria mercenaria)幼虫和稚贝存活率的高低是人工育苗成败的关键。本文探究了复合益生菌和底质深度对硬壳蛤幼虫与稚贝的特定生长率、存活率和变态率的影响。研究结果表明,在投喂S2益生菌(添加丁酸梭菌代谢物的乳酸菌复合菌群)后,小个体硬壳蛤幼虫比例减少,幼虫的生长率和变态率显著提升;在不同温度下,S2益生菌对来自不同地区幼虫的特定生长率有显著影响,其中天津地区种贝所产幼虫(25℃)的特定生长率显著高于对照组幼虫(20℃),而福建地区种贝所产幼虫(25℃)和对照组幼虫(20℃)无显著差异。此外, 3 mm深度的沙质底质显著提高了幼虫生长率、变态率和出足率。埋栖在0~3 mm深度的稚贝比例显著高于3~9 mm深度。因此,筛选促进硬壳蛤生长发育、提高成活率的复合益生菌,确定适宜硬壳蛤生长发育的最佳底质深度,可进一步优化其人工育苗技术,对于大规模开展硬壳蛤人工育苗具有重要意义。The survival rates of Mercenaria mercenaria larvae and juveniles are key factors for the success of artificial breeding.In this study,we have explored the effects of compound probiotics and sediment depth on the specific growth,survival,and metamorphosis rate of larvae and juveniles.The results showed that after feeding S2 probiotics(Clostrid-ium butyric acid metabolites of lactic acid bacteria composite flora),the proportion of small individual hard shelled calm larvae decreased,and the growth rate and metamorphosis rate of larval significantly increased.S2 probiotics had signifi-cant effects on specific growth rates under different culture temperatures in larvae from different regions.The specific growth rate of larvae from Tianjin(25℃)was significantly higher than that of the control group(20℃),whereas no significant difference was detected between larvae from Fujian(25℃)and the control group(20℃).In addition,a 3-mm sediment depth significantly increased the growth rate,metamorphosis rate,and foot emergence rate of the larvae.The proportion of juveniles buried at 0–3 mm depth was significantly higher than that at 3–9 mm depth.Therefore,screening compound probiotics that promote the growth and development of clams and improve the survival rate and determining the best substrate depth suitable for the growth and development of clams further optimized the artificial seedling breeding technology,which is of great significance for the large-scale artificial seedling breeding of clams.

关 键 词：硬壳蛤 益生菌 底质 育苗效果 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]