阿列克谢耶维奇与奥波亚兹  

Aleksievich and Opoyaz

作　　者：张冰[1] ZHANG Bing

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学外国语言文学学院

出　　处：《广东外语外贸大学学报》2024年第1期95-102,共8页Journal of Guangdong University of Foreign Studies

摘　　要：阿列克谢耶维奇荣获诺贝尔文学奖印证了俄国形式主义即奥波亚兹有关文学史演变规律的一个假说:文学的边缘文体始终在向文学的中心地带发起冲击,这种冲击完全可以称之为一种斗争或角逐。阿列克谢耶维奇的获奖,不仅标志着文学边缘文体的一次成功“暴乱”,致使其得以登堂入室,由非正宗摇身一变而为“正室”,从而导致旧的文学观念的被再次刷新。阿列克谢耶维奇的成功,意味着在整个20世纪命途多舛的俄国形式主义——奥波亚兹有关文学史的观念和假说,非但没有因其代表人物的悲剧性遭遇而销声匿迹,反而得到越来越新的文学现象的印证。实践表明:俄国形式主义代表人物的文学史观,具有文学本体论的品质,是对文学内部规律的一种总结和归纳,应该得到文学界应有的关注和理解。The awarding of the Nobel Prize in Literature to Aleksievich confirms a hypothesis of Russian formalism,namely,the theory proposed by Opoyaz regarding the evolution of literary history:that peripheral literary genres consistently challenge the central domain of literature,and this challenge can be seen as a struggle or competition.Aleksievich’s achievement not only signifies a successful“rebellion”of a marginal literary genre,allowing it to enter the mainstream and transform from an unconventional form to an accepted one,but also leads to the rejuvenation of old literary concepts.Aleksievich’s success implies that the ideas and hypotheses of Russian formalism,represented by Opoyaz,which have faced numerous challenges throughout the tumultuous 20th century,are not silenced by the tragic experiences of their proponents,but rather receive confirmation from increasingly new literary phenomena.Practice has shown that the literary historical perspective of Russian formalism’s representatives possesses the qualities of literary ontology,serving as a summary and generalization of the internal laws of literature,and thus deserves the attention and understanding of the literary community.

关 键 词：阿列克谢耶维奇 奥波亚兹 诺贝尔文学奖 俄国形式主义 文学史观 

分 类 号：I317-074[文学—其他各国文学]