阿明·马洛夫小说《迷失的人》中的身份困惑与身份建构理想  

Identity Confusion and Identity Construction Ideal in Amin Maalouf’s Novel Les Désorientés

作　　者：黄珂维 HUANG Kewei

机构地区：[1]上海外国语大学贤达经济人文学院

出　　处：《广东外语外贸大学学报》2024年第1期149-160,共12页Journal of Guangdong University of Foreign Studies

摘　　要：黎巴嫩裔法国作家阿明·马洛夫(Amin Maalouf)2012年创作的自传体小说《迷失的人》(Les Désorientés)通过主人公亚当离开东岸国家25年后首次回归故土的所忆、所见、所闻、所思、所做,描述了源于以黎巴嫩为代表的地中海东岸国家的流散人群,在东西方杂糅文化的影响下,在民族和种族战争频发的境遇中,在局部地区社会经济形势紧张的压力下,背井离乡,游走在西方国家时所遭遇的身份困惑,以及他们重新建构个人文化身份的困难。作者对后殖民时期,包括自己在内的,来自“被征服地区”的流散群体的边缘处境进行了细致冷静的思考。小说借主人公亚当的经历,刻画了“一群迷惘的孩子”形象,以及他们的抗争,他们的尝试和他们的迷茫。《迷失的人》反映出文化身份的建构是一个必然的、动态的、有选择的过程。对流散群体来说,重建一种包容、混杂的多元文化身份是合理且明智的策略。因为在各种文化力求共存与融合的全球化时代,一味固守本源身份成为极端民粹主义者,或者全然抛弃家国文化,成为流浪在西方社会的“失根人”,两者都是不可取的。《迷失的人》旗帜鲜明地阐释了作者阿明·马洛夫对实现多元文化共存与融合的人类命运共同体的强烈渴望和积极尝试。The autobiographical novel Les Désorientés(2012),written by Amin Maalouf(1949-),a Lebanese-French writer,recounts the memories of the protagonist Adam returning to his homeland for the first time,twenty-five years after he left Lebanon.His experiences fully describe the diaspora from the eastern Mediterranean countries,as a consequence of frequent ethnic and racial wars.Through Adam’s eyes,the novel depicts“a group of confused children”and their struggles,hopes,and confusion.The author eloquently portrays the marginal situation of diaspora groups from“conquered areas”during the post-colonial period.He explores these emigrants’struggles:the constraints of tense social and economic situations,the identity confusion they encountered under the influence of the mixed culture of the East and the West,and the difficulty that they had in reconstructing their individual cultural identity.The novel conveys that the construction of cultural identity is an adaptive and selective process.For the diaspora,rebuilding an inclusive,mixed multicultural identity is the most logical and sensible strategy.Because in the era of globalization where various cultures strive for cohabitation,it is impossible to keep pace with the times while blindly sticking to one’s origin,nor is it plausible to completely renounce the motherland’s culture and become a“rootless person”.Les Désorientés illustrates the author’s desire to construct a community with a shared future for mankind with multicultural coexistence and integration.

关 键 词：《迷失的人》 阿明·马洛夫 身份建构 多元文化 

分 类 号：I106.4[文学—世界文学]