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作 者:赵庆志[1] 刘康 李祖锋[2] 姚顽强[1] 姚宜斌[3] ZHAO Qingzhi;LIU Kang;LI Zufeng;YAO Wanqiang;YAO Yibin(College of Geomatics,Xi'an University of Science and Technology,Xi'an 710054,China;Power China Northwest Engineering Co.Ltd,Xi'an 710065,China;School of Geodesy and Geomatics,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430079,China)
机构地区:[1]西安科技大学测绘科学与技术学院,陕西西安710054 [2]中国电建集团西北勘测设计研究院有限公司,陕西西安710065 [3]武汉大学测绘学院,湖北武汉430079
出 处:《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2024年第3期453-464,共12页Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University
基 金:陕西省教育厅服务地方专项科研计划项目(22JE012);中国博士后科学基金特别资助项目(2022T150523)。
摘 要:水汽是大气的重要组成成分之一,其时空变化受气温、气压等多种气象因素的影响。因此,研究水汽反演影响因素对获取高精度水汽信息具有重要意义。以中国区域为例,研究利用全球导航卫星系统(global navigation satellite sys‐tem,GNSS)和非实测气象数据(气温和气压)探测大气可降水量(precipitable water vapor,PWV)的方法。首先,对欧洲中期天气预报中心(European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasting,ECMWF)第5代气候再分析数据集(ECMWF reanalysis v5,ERA5)提供的气温、气压和GNSS反演的天顶对流层延迟进行评估;其次,大气加权平均温度T_(m)是PWV反演的关键参数,对不同的T_(m)计算模型进行分析,确定中国区域最优T_(m)计算模型;最后,根据误差传播理论推导PWV的理论误差,利用非实测数据计算小时分辨率的PWV并进行精度评估。结果表明,利用GNSS获取的中国区域PWV与无线电探空/ERA5 PWV均有较好的时空一致性,降雨期间PWV的误差较非降雨期间稍大。所提方法获取的PWV理论误差为2.0 mm,实际误差为2.1 mm。因此,基于GNSS和非实测气象参数反演的PWV具有较高精度,对于研究中国区域水汽时空变化与分布具有重要意义。Objectives:Water vapor is one of the important components of the atmosphere,and its spatial and temporal variations are influenced by various meteorological factors such as temperature and pressure.Therefore,it is important to study the impact factors of water vapor inversion to obtain high-precision wa‐ter vapor information.Methods:We study the method of precipitable water vapor (PWV) detection using global navigation satellite system (GNSS) and non-measured meteorological data (temperature and pres‐sure) in China.First,we evaluate the data of temperature and pressure provided by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasting(ECMWF) reanalysis v5(ERA5),and the zenith troposphere delay re‐trieved by GNSS.Then,different calculation models of atmospheric weighted mean temperature,named T_m,are analyzed to determine the optimal calculation model in China region.Finally,the theoretical error of PWV is derived from the error propagation theory,and the hourly resolution PWV is calculated using the non-measured data,and then the accuracy is evaluated.Results:The results show that the PWV ob‐tained by GNSS in China region is in good spatial and temporal agreement with PWV derived from radio sounding and ERA5.The error of PWV during the rainfall period is slightly larger than that during the nonrainfall period.The theoretical error of PWV obtained by the proposed method is 2.0 mm,and the actual er‐ror is 2.1 mm.Conclusions:The inversion of PWV based on GNSS and non-measured meteorological pa‐rameters has high accuracy and it is important for studying the spatial and temporal variation and distribu‐tion of water vapor in China region.
关 键 词:全球导航卫星系统 ECMWF第5代再分析数据 大气加权平均温度 大气可降水量
分 类 号:P228[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]
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