前置上流式反应器的固定床渣油加氢工艺运行分析及研发建议  

OPERATION ANALYSIS AND R&D SUGGUESTION FOR FIXED BED RESIDUE HYDROTREATING PROCESS WITH PRE-UPFLOW REACTOR

作　　者：邵志才 刘涛 胡大为 戴立顺 Shao Zhicai;Liu Tao;Hu Dawei;Dai Lishun(SINOPEC Research Institute of Petroleum Processing Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100083)

机构地区：[1]中石化石油化工科学研究院有限公司,北京100083

出　　处：《石油炼制与化工》2024年第3期32-37,共6页Petroleum Processing and Petrochemicals

摘　　要：原油价格高企,需要高效利用原油资源,渣油加氢技术是较好的选择,微膨胀的上流式反应器与固定床反应器结合的渣油加氢工艺技术已成功开发并多次工业应用。分别选取两套上流式反应器与固定床反应器结合的渣油加氢装置(A、C)和两套固定床渣油加氢装置(B、D)进行对比分析,结果表明:前置上流式反应器的渣油加氢工艺技术也能加工不同类型的渣油原料,A装置加工高氮含量的渣油原料,其在装置运转第14周期脱硫率、脱氮率、脱金属率和降残炭率分别为82.46%,31.51%,73.69%,54.85%;C装置加工高硫含量的渣油原料,其在装置运转第5周期脱硫率、脱氮率、脱金属率和降残炭率分别为85.23%,38.71%,72.83%,54.49%;级配催化剂均满足装置的技术需求。与固定床渣油加氢装置相同,上流式反应器第一催化剂层也会出现较大的径向温差,第一反应器压降也会升高,主要与催化剂床层中的物流分布和膨胀程度有关。建议进行上流式反应器内构件、催化剂和关键工艺参数的协同研发。Because of the high price of crude oil,it is necessary to utilize crude oil resources efficiently,and residue hydrotreating technology is a better choice.The residue hydrotreating technology with the combination of micro expansion upflow reactor and fixed bed reactor has been successfully developed and applied several times.Two sets of pre-upflow reactor residue hydrogenation units(A and C)and two sets of fixed bed residue hydrogenation units(B and D)were selected for comparative analysis.The results showed that the residue hydrogenation process in the upflow reactor could also process different types of residue.The residue feedstock with high nitrogen content was treated by unit A,and the desulphurization rate,nitrogen removal rate,metal removal rate and carbon residue reduction rate in RUN-14 period were 82.46%,31.51%,73.69%and 54.85%,respectively.High sulfur content residue was treated by unit C,and the desulphurization rate,nitrogen removal rate,metal removal rate and carbon residue reduction rate in RUN-5 period were 85.23%,38.71%,72.83%and 54.49%,respectively.The performance of graded catalysts can meet specifications of two units.As with fixed-bed residue hydrogenation unit,the first catalyst layer of the upflow reactor also had a large radial temperature difference,and the pressure drop of the first reactor also increased,it was mainly related to the mal-distribution of fluids and expansion degree in the catalyst bed.It is suggested that collaborative research and development of upflow reactor internals,catalysts,and key process parameters should be carried out.

关 键 词：上流式反应器 渣油加氢 径向温差 加氢脱硫 加氢脱氮 

分 类 号：TE624[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]