基于六水氯化钙的单相变材料热二极管的实验研究  

Experimental study of single-phase change material thermal diode based on calcium chloride hexahydrate

作　　者：杨旭[1,2] 李静[1,2] 毛宇 陶可爱 孙宽[1,2] 陈珊珊[1,2] 周永利[1,2] 郑玉杰[1,2] Yang Xu;Li Jing;Mao Yu;Tao Ke-Ai;Sun Kuan;Chen Shan-Shan;Zhou Yong-Li;Zheng Yu-Jie(Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technology and System,Ministry of Education,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China;School of Energy and Power Engineering,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学,低品位能源利用技术及系统教育部重点实验室,重庆400044 [2]重庆大学能源与动力工程学院,重庆400044

出　　处：《物理学报》2024年第5期334-343,共10页Acta Physica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(批准号:2022YFB3803300);国家自然科学基金(批准号:51606017);重庆市青年人才支持计划(批准号:CQYC2021059206);中央高校基础科研业务费专项资金(批准号:2020CDJQY-A055);重庆市杰出青年基金(批准号:cstc2021jcyj-jqX0015)资助的课题.

摘　　要：基于相反传热方向上相变程度不同引起的传热形式和系数差异设计的相变材料热二极管被认为是有潜力的热管理器件.然而多种材料的使用或仅依靠数值模拟的研究使其结构复杂或理想化,降低了其实际应用的可能性.因此,本文结合材料固液相变和自然对流过程的传热形式和传热系数变化,提出了一个仅含有CaCl_(2)·6H_(2)O单相变材料的简单热二极管结构,并制备了相应的器件,搭建了稳态热通量测试系统用于实验研究,其测量结果与文献记载值相近,具有良好的准确度,实验研究了冷热端温差和正反传热方向对热二极管热整流效果的影响规律.结果表明:热二极管的热通量随冷热源温差的减小而降低,正向和反向分别沿逆重力和重力方向时,热整流比最高可达1.58,最佳冷源温度范围为20-25℃,接近室温,所提出的相变材料热二极管结构在建筑节能和热管理等方面具有一定的应用潜力.Phase change material thermal diodes designed on the basis of different heat transfer forms and coefficients caused by different phase transition degrees in opposite heat transfer directions are considered as potential thermal management devices.However,the use of a variety of materials or only relying on numerical simulation research makes its structure complex or idealized,which reduces the possibility of practical application.Therefore,in this work,a simple thermal diode structure containing only CaCl_(2)·6H_(2)O single-phase variable material is proposed in combination with changes in heat transfer form and heat transfer coefficient in solidliquid phase change and natural convection process.The corresponding device is prepared,and a steady-state heat flux test system is set up for experimental study,the measured results are close to those recorded in the literature with good accuracy.The influence of the temperature difference between hot end and cold end and the direction of positive heat transfer and negative heat transfer on the thermal rectification effect of the thermal diode are studied experimentally.The results show that the heat flux of the thermal diode decreases with the decrease of the difference in temperature between the cold source and hot source,and the thermal rectification ratio reaches to 1.58 when the forward and reverse along the antigravity direction and gravity direction,respectively.The optimal cold source temperature range is 20-25℃,which is close to room temperature.The proposed phase change material thermal diode structure has a certain application potential in energy saving and thermal management of building.

关 键 词：相变材料 热二极管 传热形式 传热系数 

分 类 号：TB34[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]