2020—2023年深圳市宝安区游泳池水质卫生状况分析  

Analysis on water quality of swimming pools in Bao′an District of Shenzhen from 2020 to 2023

作　　者：洪烈城 林锐锋 李秀华 刘庆成[3] 罗妃珍 陆剑勇 HONG Liecheng;LIN Ruifeng;LI Xiuhua;LIU Qingcheng;LUO Feizhen;LU Jianyong(Public Health Service Center of Bao'an District,Shenzhen,Shenzhen 518102,Guangdong Province,China;Bao'an Field Epidemiology Training Program(PhaseⅠ),Shenzhen 518101,Guangdong Province,China;Bao'an District Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Shenzhen 518101,Guangdong Province,China)

机构地区：[1]深圳市宝安区公共卫生服务中心,广东深圳518102 [2]宝安现场流行病学培训项目一期,广东深圳518101 [3]深圳市宝安区疾病预防控制中心,广东深圳518101

出　　处：《职业卫生与病伤》2024年第1期55-60,共6页Occupational Health and Damage

基　　金：深圳市宝安区科技创新局-基础研究(医疗卫生类)项目(项目编号:2021JD269)。

摘　　要：目的 了解深圳市宝安区游泳场所水质现状,为卫生监督管理提供科学依据。方法 选择深圳市宝安区2020—2023年持证且对外营业的游泳场所进行抽检,共采集游泳池水样615份,对其游离性余氯、尿素、pH值、大肠菌群、浑浊度等水质指标开展检测和评价,用水质合格率对各指标进行描述分析,分类变量组间率的比较用χ2检验,检验水准为α=0.05。当多组率总体比较有差异时,使用Bonferroni法进行两两比较,α’=0.05/3=0.017。使用SPSS 27.0进行统计分析。结果 2020—2023年深圳市宝安区游泳场所监测水质总体合格率分别为93.41%、96.06%、96.86%、98.08%,4年水质总体合格率差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=3.671,P=0.288),监测指标中细菌总数4年平均合格率最低(98.37%),其次为尿素(98.86%)。住宅小区泳池、公共泳池、酒店泳池水质合格率分别为95.34%(450/472)、100.00%(97/97)和100.00%(46/46),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=11.889,P=0.032)。安装水质在线监测设备的游泳场所水质合格率高于未安装者(χ^(2)=7.769,P=0.005)。人工投药游泳场所、自动投药与人工投药相结合游泳场所、自动投药游泳场所水质合格率分别为94.49%(326/345)、98.08%(191/194)和100.00%(76/76),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=8.865,P=0.012)。结论 深圳市宝安区游泳场所水质卫生现状仍待改善,卫生监督部门应将住宅小区游泳池作为重点监管类型,同时积极推进游泳场所水质在线监测设备的安装。Objective To understand the sanitary status of the water quality in the swimming pool in Bao'an District of Shenzhen City,and to provide scientific basis for health supervision and management.Methods Total 615 water samples were collected from the swimming pools in Bao'an District of Shenzhen,which obtained health licenses and opened to the public from 2020 to 2023.The free residual chlorine,pH,turbidity,urea,residual chlorine and other indicators were detected and evaluated.The qualified rate of water quality was used to describe and analyze each index.The comparison of the rate between groups of classified variables was tested byχ^(2)test,and α=0.05was used as the test level.When there was a difference in the overall comparison of multiple group rates,Bonferroni method was used for pair-to-pair comparison,α’=0.05/3=0.017.SPSS 27.0 was used for statistical analysis.Results From 2020 to 2023,the overall qualified rates of water in swimming pool in Bao'an District of Shenzhen were 93.41%,96.06%,96.86%and 98.08%,respectively.There was no significant difference among the qualified rates of water samples detected in four years(χ^(2)=3.671,P=0.288).Among the monitoring indicators,the 4-year average qualified rate of total bacteria was the lowest (98.37%),followed by urea (98.86%).The qualified rates of water quality of swimming pools in residential areas,public swimming pools and hotel swimming pools were 95.34%(450/472),100.00%(97/97) and 100.00%(46/46),respectively,and the difference was considered statistically significant(χ^(2)=11.889,P=0.032).The qualified rate of water quality in swimming pools with on-line water quality monitoring equipment was higher than that without installation(χ^(2)=7.769,P=0.005).The qualified rates of water quality in artificial dosing swimming pool,automatic dosing combined with artificial dosing swimming pool and automatic dosing swimming pool were 94.49%(326/345),98.08%(191/194) and 100%(76/76),respectively,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=8.865,P=0.012)

关 键 词：游泳池 水质 卫生状况 

分 类 号：R126.4[医药卫生—环境卫生学]