盐碱胁迫对苜蓿种子萌发性状的影响及耐盐碱性评价  

Effects of Salt-Alkali Stress on Seed Germination Traits of Alfalfa and Its Salt Tolerance Evaluation

作　　者：陈雪梅 刘骅峻 杨曌 朱琨[4] 李波[4] CHEN Xuemei;LIU Huajun;YANG Zhao;ZHU Kun;LI Bo(Xingyi Third Middle School in Guizhou Province,Xingyi 562499,China;Heilongjiang Province Zhalong National Nature Reserve,Qiqihar 161002,China;Branch of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Qiqihar 161005,China;School of Life Sciences,Agriculture and Forestry,Qiqihar University/Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resistance Gene Engineering and Protection of Biodiversity in Cold Areas,Qiqihar 161006,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省兴义市第三中学,贵州兴义562499 [2]黑龙江省扎龙国家级自然保护区管理局,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161002 [3]黑龙江省农业科学院畜牧兽医分院,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161005 [4]齐齐哈尔大学生命科学与农林学院/抗性基因工程与寒地生物多样性保护黑龙江省重点实验室,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161006

出　　处：《黑龙江农业科学》2024年第3期64-70,共7页Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：科技创新2030—重大项目(2022ZD04012);黑龙江省省属高等学校基本科研业务费科研项目(145109312,135409216,YSTSXK201886);2021年大学生创新创业训练计划项目(国家级重点领域,202110232012);2022年黑龙江省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S202210232024,S202210232026S)。

摘　　要：为了研究不同苜蓿品种在硫酸钠盐碱胁迫下的耐受性,筛选抗性强的苜蓿品种,以4种紫花苜蓿品种为试材,研究50,100,150,200和250 mmol·L^(-1)硫酸钠胁迫对紫花苜蓿种子耐盐碱性的影响,并运用隶属函数法对种子萌发期的耐盐碱能力进行综合评价。结果表明,4种苜蓿品种种子在不同浓度硫酸钠胁迫下种子萌发指标(发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、活力指数)和芽苗生长指标(胚根长度、胚轴长度、单株鲜重和单株干重)均表现出不同的变化趋势,100 mmol·L^(-1)的盐碱浓度能较好地反映苜蓿品种间的耐盐碱性差异,其中WL343HQ苜蓿种子发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数和活力指数的耐盐碱系数最高,分别为44.08,20.00,20.73和20.55,WL343HQ苜蓿芽苗胚根长度、胚轴长度和龙牧806苜蓿芽苗单株鲜重和单株干重的耐盐碱系数最高,分别为49.93,29.38,48.55和69.23。对种子萌发期各指标耐盐碱系数的隶属函数值和综合评价D值分析可知,4种苜蓿品种的耐盐碱性依次为WL343HQ>WL525HQ>龙牧806>龙牧807,本研究选择的4个苜蓿品种对硫酸钠的抗性有较大差异,其中WL343HQ抗盐碱能力最强。In order to study the tolerance of different alfalfa varieties under sodium sulfate alkali stress and screen for alfalfa varieties with strong resistance,four alfalfa varieties were used as experimental materials.The effect of different concentrations of sodium sulfate(50,100,150,200,250 mmol·L^(-1))on salt-alkali tolerance of different alfalfa varieties’seeds were studied.And the membership function method to comprehensively evaluate the salt-alkali tolerance of seeds during the germination period was used.The results showed that different alfalfa varieties exhibited different trends in seed germination indicators(germination rate,germination potential,germination index,vitality index)and seedling growth indicators(embryonic root length,embryonic axis length,fresh weight per plant,and dry weight per plant)under different concentrations of sodium sulfate stress.A salt-alkali concentration of 100 mmol·L^(-1) can effectively reflected the differences in salt-alkali tolerance among alfalfa varieties.The WL343HQ alfalfa seeds had the highest salt-alkali tolerance coefficients for germination rate,germination potential,germination index,and vitality index,with values of 44.08,20.00,20.73 and 20.55,respectively.The WL343HQ a lfalfa sprouts had the highest salt-alkali tolerance coefficients for embryonic root length,embryonic axis length,and fresh and dry weight per plant of Longmu 806 alfalfa sprouts,with values of 49.93,29.38,48.55 and 69.23,respectively.According to the analysis of the membership function values and comprehensive evaluation D-values of the salt alkali tolerance coefficients of various indicators during the seed germination period,the salt-alkaline tolerance of the four alfalfa varieties was as follows:WL343HQ>WL525HQ>Longmu 806>Longmu 807.The four selected alfalfa varieties had significant differences in resistanc e to sodium sulfate salt alkali,WL343HQ had the strongest sal-alkali resistance.

关 键 词：紫花苜蓿 盐碱胁迫 种子萌发 隶属函数法 综合评价 

分 类 号：S541.9[农业科学—作物学]