海南莺歌海渔业码头与岸滩整治修复方案研究  

Study on the fishery wharf and the beach regulation projects of Yinggehai Sea Area in Hainan

作　　者：谢华亮[1] 周艺 王小磊 左书华[1] 李怀远[1] XIE Hualiang;ZHOU Yi;WANG Xiaolei;ZUO Shuhua;LI Huaiyuan(Tianjin Research Institute for Water Transport Engineering,National Engineering Research Center of Port Hydraulic Construction Technology,Key Laboratory of Engineering Sediment of Ministry of Transport,Tianjin 300456,China;The Fifth Engineering Co.Ltd.of CCCC First Harbor Engineering Company Ltd.,Qinhuangdao 066000,China)

机构地区：[1]交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所港口水工建筑技术国家工程研究中心工程泥沙交通行业重点实验室,天津300456 [2]中交第一航务工程局第五工程有限公司,秦皇岛066000

出　　处：《水道港口》2023年第6期909-916,共8页Journal of Waterway and Harbor

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(51779112)

摘　　要：近20 a来莺歌海附近岸段一直存在着岸滩侵蚀现象。在利用实测资料分析莺歌海海域自然条件的基础上,采用理论计算和数学模型的方法,研究了莺歌海渔业码头与岸滩整治修复方案实施前后水流变化和岸线变化趋势等,为缓解莺歌海附近海岸侵蚀问题,实施海南莺歌海渔业码头与岸滩整治修复工程方案提供基本依据。研究结果表明:潮汐性质为不规则全日潮,潮汐强度较弱,潮流为规则全日潮流,运动形式以往复流为主,潮流流速较强,最大可达1.74 m/s以上;波浪以风浪为主,常浪向为SE向,强浪向为ESE向;海床表层沉积物以中细沙(MFS)为主,泥沙活跃性较强,在平均波浪条件下,床面泥沙完全起动水深集中在1.5 m水深以浅的水域;近岸水域存在明显的侵蚀,最大达到5 m左右;工程方案对海域流场会产生一定影响,渔港内明显存在环流和缓流,港区内流速明显减小;渔港南侧和整治工程之间水域、岸滩整治工程内部水域流速也明显减小;工程建成后,渔港码头北防波堤堤根处会形成向外淤涨,渔港南防波堤与岸滩整治工程之间区域也呈向外淤涨趋势,岸滩整治工程内部形成多个小弧形。Shoreline erosion has been occurring in the vicinity of Yinggehai sea area in the past 20 years.Based on the analysis of the natural conditions of Yinggehai sea area based on the measured data,this paper studies the change of water flow and the change trend of the shoreline before and after the implementation of the comprehensive plan for the improvement of Yinggehai fishery wharf and the beach regulation projects by using the methods of theoretical calculation and mathematical model,which provides the basic basis for alleviating the coastal erosion problem near Yinggehai and implementing the fishery wharf and the beach regulation projects of Yinggehai sea area.The results show that the tides are irregular diurnal tides and the tidal intensity is weak with an average range of about 1.12 m;the current is a regular diurnal current,which is dominated by reciprocating flow and the flow velocity is strong,up to 1.74 m/s or more.The waves were mainly wind waves,and both normal wave direction and strong wave direction were SE.The surface sediment is dominated by medium and fine sand.The activity of sediment is strong,under the condition of average wave height,the sediment depth is shallow at 1.5 m.There is obvious erosion in nearshore waters,the maximum erosion range is about 5 m.The engineering scheme has a certain influence on the flow field in the sea.There are obviously circulation and slow flow in the fishing port,and the velocity in the port area decreases obviously.The velocity of the water area between the south of the fishing port and the regulation project and the water area inside the beach regulation project also decreased significantly.After the completion of the project,the root of the north breakwater of the fishing port will form outward silting,and the area between the south breakwater of the fishing port and the beach regulation project will also rise outward silting,and many small arcs will be formed inside the beach regulation project.

关 键 词：莺歌海 水动力 泥沙运动 沙质海岸 岸滩整治 

分 类 号：U65[交通运输工程—港口、海岸及近海工程] TV142[交通运输工程—船舶与海洋工程]