工艺因素对氨基磺酸盐电镀的影响及优化  

Effect of process factors on sulfamate plating and optimization

作　　者：李铮 何伟春[1] 任瑛[1] 栗正新[1] Li Zheng;He Weichun;Ren Ying;Li Zhengxin(College of Materials Science and Engineering,Henan University of Technology,Zhengzhou 450000,China)

机构地区：[1]河南工业大学材料科学与工程学院,河南郑州450000

出　　处：《电镀与精饰》2024年第3期50-58,共9页Plating & Finishing

基　　金：郑州市重大科技专项项目(2021KJZX0062);河南工业大学滋扰科学基金(2021ZKCJ6)。

摘　　要：针对镍钴镀层抗拉强度不能满足工业需求的问题,为改进氨基磺酸盐镀液的电镀工艺,采用电化学工作站、电子万能试验机、显微硬度计、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)等测试方法,设计正交试验,研究温度、主盐浓度和电流密度等因素对电镀反应极化曲线、电化学动力学参数、电镀层抗拉强度、硬度、晶体结构及表面形貌等性质的影响;通过对抗拉强度进行正交和单因素分析,优化得到了最佳实验方案。结果表明:镍盐浓度对电极交换电流密度j0有显著正影响,相应j0值范围是0.002 mA/dm^(2)~1.640 mA/dm^(2);钴盐浓度对析氢副反应有负影响,可降低析氢效率至0.3%;工艺因素对于抗拉强度和硬度的影响程度分别是:温度>钴盐浓度>电流密度>镍盐浓度和温度>电流密度>钴盐浓度>镍盐浓度;优化结果:当氨基磺酸镍400 g/L、氨基磺酸钴30 g/L,温度为50℃,电流密度为3A/dm^(2),其抗拉强度达到853 MPa,维氏硬度为234 HV;温度对氨基磺酸盐电镀体系的性能和镀层质量有显著影响,温度升高时引起镍钴镀层的晶粒由(200)择优取向转为(111)和(220)生长。Aiming at the problem that the tensile strength of nickel-cobalt coating cannot meet the indus‐trial demand,in order to improve the electroplating process of sulfamate plating solution,the orthogo‐nal test was designed by using electrochemical workstation,electronic universal testing machine,microhardness tester,XRD,SEM and other test methods.The effects of temperature,main salt concen‐tration and current density on the polarization curve of electroplating reaction,electrochemical kinetic parameters,tensile strength,hardness,crystal structure and surface morphology of electroplating layer were studied.The optimal experimental scheme was obtained by orthogonal and single factor analysis of tensile strength.The results show that the nickel salt concentration has a significant positive effect on the electrode exchange current density j0,and corresponding j0 range is 0.002 mA/dm^(2)‒1.640 mA/dm^(2);the concentration of cobalt salt has a negative effect on the side reaction of hydrogen evolution,which can reduce the hydrogen evolution efficiency to 0.3%.The influence degree of processfactors on tensile strength and hardness is as follows:temperature>cobalt salt concentration>current density>nickel salt concentration and temperature>current density>cobalt salt concentration>nickel salt concentra‐tion.The optimization results are as follows:nickel sulfamate 400 g/L,cobalt sulfamate 30 g/L,tem‐perature 50°C,current density 3 A/dm^(2),tensile strength 853 MPa,Vickers hardness 234 HV;the tem‐perature has a significant effect on the performance of the sulfamate electroplating system and the quali‐ty of the coating.When the temperature increases,the grain of the nickel-cobalt coating changes from(200)preferred orientation to(111)and(220)growth.

关 键 词：镍钴镀层 正交实验 氨基磺酸盐 动力学参数 表面结构 

分 类 号：TQ153.2[化学工程—电化学工业]