多重PCR毛细管电泳细菌快速鉴定方法的建立和临床应用研究  

Establishment and clinical application of multiplex PCR capillary electrophoresis for rapid identification of bacteria

作　　者：汤荣睿[1] 陈瑶 李娟[1] 李蓉 王芳 裴光德 TANG Rongrui;CHEN Yao;LI Juan;LI Rong;WANG Fang;PEI Guangde(Department of Clinical Laboratory,People′s Hospital of Shapingba District of Chongqing,Chongqing 400033,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆市沙坪坝区人民医院医学检验科,重庆400033

出　　处：《国际检验医学杂志》2024年第5期529-533,共5页International Journal of Laboratory Medicine

基　　金：重庆市卫生健康委医学科研项目(2022WSJK023)。

摘　　要：目的针对引起人类感染的常见病原菌建立一种基于多重PCR毛细管电泳技术的快速细菌鉴定方法,评估其临床应用价值。方法建立23种常见病原菌的多重PCR毛细管电泳检测体系。收集150例临床微生物检测标本,分别用多重PCR毛细管电泳法(以下简称多重PCR法)、培养法进行检测。对两种方法的检测结果进行比较,评价多重PCR法的检测效能。结果150例标本中多重PCR法检出15种病原菌、培养法检出14种病原菌。多重PCR法检测阳性率为73.3%,培养法为70.0%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。多重PCR法对肺炎链球菌的检出率为16.0%,培养法为6.0%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多重PCR法对混合菌标本的检出率为15.3%,培养法未检出混合菌标本。多重PCR法与培养法检测结果的符合率为79.3%。多重PCR法检测时间为3~6 h,培养法为2~4 d。结论与培养法比较,多重PCR法具有较高的时效性,对肺炎链球菌及混合菌标本具有较高的检出率,可满足临床标本病原微生物快速初筛的需求。Objective To establish a rapid bacterial identification method based on multiplex PCR capillary electrophoresis for common pathogens causing human infections,and to evaluate its clinical application value.Methods Established a multiplex PCR capillary electrophoresis detection system for 23 common pathogens.A total of 150 clinical microbiological test specimens were collected and tested by multiplex PCR capillary electrophoresis(hereinafter referred to as multiplex PCR method)and culture method respectively.The results of the two methods were compared,and the detection efficacy of the multiplex PCR method was evaluated.Results In 150 clinical microbial samples,15 kinds of pathogens were detected by multiplex PCR and 14 kinds of pathogens were detected by culture method.The positive rate of multiplex PCR was 73.3%,and that of culture method was 70.0%,the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).The detection rate of Streptococcus pneumoniae by multiplex PCR method was 16.0%,and that by culture method was 6.0%,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The detection rate of mixed bacterial samples by multiplex PCR was 15.3%,and no mixed bacterial samples were detected by culture method.The coincidence rate of multiplex PCR and culture method was 79.3%.The detection time of multiplex PCR method was 3-6 h,and that of culture method was 2-4 d.Conclusion Compared with the culture method,the multiplex PCR method has a higher detection rate of Streptococcus pneumoniae and mixed bacteria samples,which can meet the needs of rapid primary screening of pathogenic microorganisms in clinical specimens.

关 键 词：多重PCR毛细管电泳 培养法 肺炎链球菌 

分 类 号：R446.5[医药卫生—诊断学]