《诗经》“杞”释说——兼辨《名医别录》之“榉”  

Interpretation of“Qi”in Classic of Poems:with Discussion on“Ju”in Ming Yi Bie Lu

作　　者：张干 ZHANG Gan(Wuxi Shibei Senior High School,WuXi 214045,China)

机构地区：[1]无锡市市北高级中学,无锡214045

出　　处：《中医药文化》2024年第1期83-90,共8页Chinese Medical Culture

基　　金：江苏省“十四五”教育规划青年专项(C-c/2021/02/06)。

摘　　要：《诗经》与植物“杞”相关的载记共有7处,同名异物的存在使得其整体类分与具体所指具有复杂性,诸家对此亦颇具分歧。综合观之,《诗经》之“杞”可分为3类:第一类是《四牡》《湛露》《四月》之“杞”,其为枸杞(Lycium chinense Miller);第二类是《将仲子》之“杞”,其指旱柳(Salix matsudana Koidz.);第三类是《南山有台》《杕杜》《北山》之“杞”,其是枫杨(Pterocarya stenoptera C.DC.)。《名医别录》之“榉”即为枫杨,《中国植物志》误将之释作榉树[Zelkova serrata(Thunb.)Makino]。There are seven records related to the plant Qi(杞)in Shi Jing(《诗经》Classic Of Poems).The existence of different objects with the same name complicates its overall classification and specific meanings,and various scholars also have disagreeing opinions.In a comprehensive view,Qi(杞)in Shi Jing can refer to three categories of plants:firstly as Gou Qi(枸杞Lycium chinense Miller)in Si Mu(《四牧》Four Horses),Zhan Lu(《湛露》Heavy Dew)and Si Yue(《四月》the Fourth Month);secondly as Han Liu(旱柳Salix matsudana Koidz.)in Qiang Zhong Zi(《将仲子》A Man Named Zhong Zi);and thirdly as Feng Yang(枫杨Pterocarya stenoptera C.DC.)seen in Nan Shan You Tai(《南山有台》A Plant on South Mountain),Di Du(《杕杜》Lonely Tree)and Bei Shan(《北山》North Mountain).The Ju(榉)in Ming Yi Bie Lu(《名医别录》Additional Entries from a Famous Doctor)is actually Feng Yang(枫杨Pterocarya stenoptera C.DC.),but Zhong Guo Zhi Wu Zhi(《中国植物志》Flora of China)mistakenly interprets it as Ju Shu[榉树Zelkova serrata(Thunb.)Makino].

关 键 词：杞 《诗经》 枸杞 旱柳 枫杨 

分 类 号：N09[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学] R281[医药卫生—中药学]