平枯水期洞庭湖水域面积和水体容积变化及归因分析  

Water Surface Area and Water Volume in Flat and Dry Periods of Dongting Lake:Changes and Their Causes

作　　者：郑颖 凌霞 宋平 ZHENG Ying;LING Xia;SONG Ping(Hunan Water Resources and Hydropower Survey,Design,Planning and Research Co.,Ltd.,Changsha 410084,China;Hunan Research Center on Flood Control and Water Resources Protection for Dongting Lake,Changsha 410084,China;Hydropower Branch of State Grid Hunan Electric Power Co.,Ltd.,Changsha 410021,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南省水利水电勘测设计规划研究总院有限公司,长沙410084 [2]湖南省洞庭湖防洪及水资源保障工程技术研究中心,长沙410084 [3]国网湖南省电力有限公司水电分公司,长沙410021

出　　处：《长江技术经济》2024年第1期28-34,共7页Technology and Economy of Changjiang

基　　金：湖南省水利科技项目(XSKJ2021000-01,XSKJ2019081-05,XSKJ2021000-04,XSKJ2022068-40);水利部重大科技项目(SKS-2022079)。

摘　　要：20世纪70年代洞庭湖湖盆围垦基本结束以后,湖盆整体格局基本稳定。基于1953—2019年洞庭湖泥沙和水位统计数据、1952年和2011年湖区地形数据,对洞庭湖的冲淤变化、平枯期的水位变化以及平枯期的水域面积和水体容积变化进行了分析,探讨了洞庭湖冲淤和水位变化对平枯期水域面积和水体容积的影响。结果表明:自20世纪50年代以来,洞庭湖淤积减缓,水位受江湖演变影响明显;受水位变化和泥沙淤积综合影响,10月和12月水域面积和水体容积均呈下降趋势,受三峡蓄水影响,10月水域面积和水体容积缩减幅度远高于12月;10月和12月水域面积受冲淤变化影响更大,12月尤甚,而水体容积受冲淤变化和水位下降的影响比例相差不大.After the reclamation of the Dongting Lake Basin in the 1970s,the overall pattern of the lake basin was basically stable.Based on the statistical data of sediment and water level of Dongting Lake from 1953 to 2019 and the topographic data of Dongting Lake area in 1952 and 2011,we examined the erosion and deposition changes of Dongting Lake,the water level changes as well as water surface area and water volume changes in in flat and dry periods.Moreover,we investigated the effects of erosion and deposition and water level changes on the water surface area and water volume.Results reveal that:since the 1950s,the siltation of Dongting Lake has slowed down and the water level has been significantly affected by river and lake evolution.The combined effects of water level changes and sediment deposition have led to a decline in water area and volume in October and December.The Three Gorges impoundment has exacerbated the shrinkage of water area and volume,particularly in October.Water area was more affected by changes in erosion and deposition in October and December,especially in December,while influences on water volume have shown minor discrepancies.

关 键 词：洞庭湖 平枯水期 水域面积 水体容积 

分 类 号：TV14[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]