环境目标约束对能源结构低碳转型的影响  

Impact of environmental target constraints on the low⁃carbon transformation ofChina's energy structure

作　　者：方文君 邓峰[1] 张战仁 朱雪丽 FANG Wenjun;DENG Feng;ZHANG Zhanren;ZHU Xueli(School of Economics and Management,Xinjiang University,Urumqi Xinjiang 830046,China;School of Economics,Guangdong University of Finance and Economics,Guangzhou Guangdong 510320,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆大学经济与管理学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830046 [2]广东财经大学经济学院,广东广州510320

出　　处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2024年第1期84-96,共13页China Population,Resources and Environment

基　　金：新疆大学中亚研究院重大攻关项目“中国与中亚、俄罗斯高水平能源合作与发展的路径与政策研究”(批准号:24ZYZD005)。

摘　　要：加快能源消费结构低碳转型是实现中国式现代化发展的重要途径。鉴于中国资源禀赋的特殊性和区域能源分布差异,各地区对煤炭的依赖程度有很大差别。煤炭资源依赖程度对能源结构低碳转型的差异性影响值得高度关注。为系统评估环境目标约束对煤炭资源依赖地区能源消费结构低碳转型的影响,该研究在理论分析环境目标约束对各地区能源消费结构的内在影响机理,以及经济增长压力和绿色金融在其中发挥的调节作用基础上,以中国特色环境目标约束制度为准自然实验,中国30个省份2003—2020年面板数据为样本,采用广义双重差分模型实证检验环境目标约束对地区能源消费结构低碳转型的影响,并讨论了经济增长压力与绿色金融对该影响的调节作用。研究结果表明:①环境目标约束制度实施后,相比非煤炭资源依赖地区,煤炭资源依赖地区能源消费结构低碳转型受阻,说明存在“绿色悖论”效应。该结论在考虑相关政策影响、运用合成工具变量等方法处理内生性问题后依然稳健。②影响机制检验表明,在煤炭资源依赖地区,地方政府在环境目标约束和经济增长目标“双目标”压力下,更有动力推动能源消费结构低碳转型;受金融监管水平和企业“洗绿”行为影响,绿色金融加剧了煤炭资源依赖地区的能源转型困境。③基于地区市场环境的拓展性分析表明,相比高市场化水平地区,低市场化水平地区的环境目标约束对能源消费结构低碳转型的抑制作用更为突出。研究建议高度重视煤炭资源依赖地区的能源消费结构调整,因地制宜有序推进能源结构低碳转型;将“绿色”作为地方经济增长的底色,以绿色发展理念引领地方经济增长;构建科学高效的绿色金融监管制度,确保绿色金融资金真正运用到绿色低碳项目中;完善市场化的环境规制机制,塑造良好的营商环Accelerating the low-carbon transformation of the energy consumption structure is an important way to realize Chinese-style green modernization and development.Given the specificity of China's resource endowment and regional differences in energy distribu⁃tion,the degree of reliance on coal varies greatly from region to region.Therefore,the differential impact of this dependence on the lowcarbon transformation of the energy structure deserves high attention.To systematically assess the impact of environmental target con⁃straints on the low-carbon transformation of the energy consumption structure in coal resource-dependent regions,this study was con⁃ducted on the basis of a theoretical analysis of the intrinsic influence of environmental target constraints on the regional energy con⁃sumption structure as well as the regulating mechanisms played by economic growth pressures and green finance.Taking the environ⁃mental target constraint system with Chinese characteristics as a quasi-natural experiment and the panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2003 to 2020 as a sample,the study used a generalized difference-in-differences model to empirically test the impact of environ⁃mental target constraints on the low-carbon transition of the regional energy consumption structure,and discussed the moderating roles of the pressure of economic growth and green finance on this impact.The results showed that:①After the implementation of the envi⁃ronmental target constraint system,the energy consumption structure of coal resource-dependent regions deteriorated significantly com⁃pared with that of non-coal resource-dependent regions,which supported the existence of the‘green paradox’phenomenon.This con⁃clusion remained robust after considering the impact of related policies and the use of synthetic instrumental variables to deal with the endogeneity problem.②The test of the impact mechanisms showed that in coal resource-dependent areas,local governments were more motivated to promote the low-carbon tran

关 键 词：环境目标约束 能源消费结构 煤炭资源地区 经济增长压力 绿色金融 低碳转型 

分 类 号：F062.1[经济管理—政治经济学]