智能化环境治理的内在悖论与矛盾纾解  

Inherent paradoxes of intelligent environmental governance and their resolutions

作　　者：程飞鸿 CHENG Feihong(Institute of Law,Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences,Shanghai 200020,China)

机构地区：[1]上海社会科学院法学研究所,上海200020

出　　处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2024年第1期97-105,共9页China Population,Resources and Environment

基　　金：上海哲学社会科学规划项目“中国生态法学范式的理论构建研究”(批准号:023EFX008)。

摘　　要：智能技术代表了以数据与算法主导的、一元性与多元性并存的、虚拟与现实交互的生产关系。智能技术对环境治理的重塑,主要体现在技术治理和社会治理两个维度,并凝结成“数据与算法”“一元性与多元性”“虚拟与现实”三组关键词。智能化环境治理可以分为感知型、服务型和互联型3种治理类型,以此为基础,其内在悖论分别表现为:在感知型智能化环境治理中,环境数据所有权的专属性与开展环境数据行为的便宜性之间存在张力;在服务型智能化环境治理中,平台发展、治理服务和决策形成存在一元性与多元性矛盾;在互联型智能化环境治理中,网络空间的交互性和传统公共空间的被支配性之间相互掣肘。纾解这3对矛盾,对智能化环境治理的健康发展至关重要。于感知型智能化环境治理而言,需要明确环境数据行为的主体、限制环境数据行为的目的以及厘定环境数据行为的后果,最终消解环境数据行为的便宜性。对服务型智能化环境治理来说,则要尽可能把握平衡一元性与多元性的“度”的客观标准,即平台有序发展的客观标准、环境治理服务的弱势标准以及环境决策形成的底线标准。互联型智能化环境治理的矛盾纾解之策最终指向了政府在智能社会的公共空间中如何调适方能言之为“妥当”。申言之,在支持层面,转变政府对民间环境治理力量的投入模式;在引导层面,健全政府对民间环境治理力量的引导机制;在管理层面,实现政府对民间环境治理力量的法治管理。The production relationship represented by intelligent technology is driven by data and algorithms,characterized by the co⁃existence of singularity and diversity,and involves the interaction between the virtual and real worlds.Intelligent technology reshapes environmental governance from two perspectives:technological governance and social governance.This reshaping process can be sum⁃marized by using three groups of keywords:‘data and algorithms,’‘singularity and diversity,’and‘virtuality and reality.’Intelligent environmental governance can be categorized into three types:perceptual,service-oriented,and interconnected.However,each type presents inherent paradoxes.In perceptual intelligent environmental governance,the ownership of environmental data is exclusive,while conducting environmental data behavior is relatively easy.In service-oriented intelligent environmental governance,there is a contradiction between the development of platforms,the provision of governance services,and the formation of governance decisions in terms of singularity and diversity.In interconnected intelligent environmental governance,there is a conflict between the freedom of cy⁃berspace and the limitations of traditional public spaces dominated by government power in terms of interaction.Resolving these three sets of paradoxes is crucial for the healthy development of intelligent environmental governance.In perceptual intelligent environmental governance,it is essential to clarify the subject of environmental data behavior,limit the purpose of such behavior,and establish the consequences,ultimately constraining environmental data behavior.In service-oriented intelligent environmental governance,it is nec⁃essary to establish objective standards to balance singularity and diversity.These standards include orderly platform development,ad⁃dressing weaknesses in environmental governance services,and setting bottom-line standards for environmental decision-making.Re⁃solving the paradoxes of interconnected intelligent

关 键 词：智能技术 智能化环境治理 环境数据 智能平台 虚拟空间 

分 类 号：D922.68[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学]