农村集体经济对农户人居环境整治行为的影响  

Impact of the rural collective economy on improving the rural living environment

作　　者：张凡 邵俊杰 周力[2] ZHANG Fan;SHAO Junjie;ZHOU Li(College of Finance,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing Jiangsu 210095,China;College of Economics&Management,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing Jiangsu 210095,China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学金融学院,江苏南京210095 [2]南京农业大学经济管理学院,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2024年第1期118-126,共9页China Population,Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“新时代我国农村贫困性质变化及2020年后反贫困政策研究”(批准号:19ZDA117);江苏高校哲学研究一般项目“脱贫地区金融支持乡村振兴的衔接机制和政策优化研究”(批准号:2022SJYB0053);中国博士后科学基金资助项目(批准号:2023M731771);江苏社会科学基金项目“苏北地区从脱贫攻坚到乡村振兴的有效衔接研究”(批准号:21EYD003)。

摘　　要：农村集体经济是中国特色社会主义公有制经济的重要组成部分,其不仅担负着组织农民和发展农民的重任,还具有乡村治理的功能。农村集体经济对于人居环境整治的作用是乡村振兴乃至农业农村现代化进程中的重要议题。该研究基于2020年中国社会科学院农村发展研究所的中国乡村振兴调查数据,利用Mvprobit模型实证分析了农村集体经济与农户人居环境整治行为间的关系及作用机理。主要发现如下:①农村集体经济的发展壮大能够显著提高农户采用科学方式处理生活污水和使用卫生厕所的概率,该结论不受变量设定方式和干扰性因素等影响,并且通过了内生性检验,具有非常强的稳健性。②农村集体经济的发展提升了村庄公共事务支出力度和农户收入水平,满足了人居环境整治所需资金由公共部门和私人部门进行两阶段联合付费的俱乐部物品属性。此外,农村集体经济的发展还可以提高村民对村干部的信任程度和公共事务参与程度,提升了农户参与人居环境整治的积极性。换言之,在人居环境整治过程中,农村集体经济可以将经济资源转化为治理资源,促进和美乡村建设。③在过度依赖政府转移性收入的村集体中,农户采用科学方式处理生活污水和改厕的可能性越低;老龄化程度越高的家庭,农村集体经济激励农户生活污水改善的行为越会受到掣肘。该研究结论表明,在农村人居环境治理过程中,需要多途径提高农村集体经济收入尤其是经营性收入,以便将经济资源转化为治理资源,建设宜居宜业和美乡村。Playing a crucial role in China's socialist public ownership economy,the rural collective economy not only organizes farm⁃ers and facilitates rural development but also serves as a key governance mechanism in rural areas.Understanding the impact of the ru⁃ral collective economy on improving the living environment is essential for rural revitalization and the modernization of agriculture and rural areas.This study used data from the 2020 China Rural Revitalization Survey conducted by the Rural Development Institute of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences and the Mvprobit model to empirically analyze the relationship and mechanisms between the rural collective economy and the behavior of rural households in enhancing the living environment.The key findings were as follows:①The expansion and advancement of the rural collective economy significantly increased the likelihood of rural households adopting scientific methods for treating domestic sewage and using sanitary toilets.This conclusion remained valid under various variable settings and the influence of confounding factors and was verified through endogeneity tests,demonstrating its robustness.Therefore,developing the ru⁃ral collective economy is a critical strategy for improving the rural living environment.②The development of the rural collective econo⁃my led to an increase in village public expenditure and household income,meeting the requirements for two-part-payment club goods at⁃tributes necessary for improving the living environment by both the public and private sectors.Additionally,the development of the ru⁃ral collective economy enhanced villagers'trust in village officials and their participation in public affairs,thereby increasing the enthu⁃siasm of rural households to participate in living environment improvement.In essence,the rural collective economy could transform economic resources into governance resources,promoting rural construction and beautification.③In village collectives overly relying on government transfer paymen

关 键 词：农村集体经济 人居环境整治 二部制付费 Mvprobit模型 

分 类 号：F328[经济管理—产业经济]