某院2018年-2021年0~14岁住院儿童疾病谱构成及帕累托图分析  

Composition of Disease Spectrum and Pareto Chart Analysis of Hospitalized Children Aged 0~14 years in a Hospital from 2018 to 2021

作　　者：吴杰[1] Wu Jie(Taizhou People’s Hospital of Jiangsu Province,Taizhou 225300,Jiangsu Province,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省泰州市人民医院,江苏省泰州市225300

出　　处：《中国病案》2024年第2期58-61,共4页Chinese Medical Record

摘　　要：目的 分析某三甲医院0~14岁住院儿童疾病构成特征,为儿科疾病防治提供科学依据。方法 提取某院病案信息系统中2018年1月1日-2021年12月31日26532例0~14岁儿童住院病案首页数据。首先按照年份回顾性分析住院儿童疾病构成及顺位情况,然后分析不同年龄段、不同季节住院儿童前5位疾病构成,同时运用帕累托图对住院儿童疾病构成进行分析。结果 帕累托图分析显示呼吸系统疾病和围生期疾病是2018年-2021年0~14岁儿童住院患者主要疾病类型(A类),共占77.93%。新生儿所患单病种比例最高的疾病为新生儿高胆红素血症(33.05%),支气管肺炎、急性支气管炎、上呼吸道感染是婴儿、幼儿、学龄前期和学龄期住院儿童最主要的疾病。春季、秋季、冬季住院儿童所患疾病第一顺位均为支气管肺炎,占比分别为16.37%、18.31%、23.09%,夏季住院儿童所患疾病第一顺位为上呼吸道感染(14.93%)。结论 呼吸系统和起源于围生期疾病是0~14岁儿童需要重点防治的主要疾病类型,同时需要根据不同年龄段儿童的疾病谱采取针对性的防治措施,重点提高新生儿疾病诊治技术。Objectives To analyze the disease composition characteristics of children aged 0~14 years hospitalized in a Three A and Tertiary Hospital to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of pediatric diseases.Methods The front page data of 26532 inpatient cases of children aged 0~14 years from January 1st,2018 to December 31st,2021 were extracted from the patient case information system of a hospital.First,we retrospectively analyzed the disease composition and ranking of hospitalized children by year,and then analyzed the top 5 disease compositions of hospitalized children in different age groups and seasons,and also analyzed the disease compositions of hospitalized children by using Pareto chart.Results Pareto chart analysis revealed that respiratory and perinatal diseases were the main disease types(category A)for children aged 0~14 years hospitalized from 2018 to 2021,accounting for a total of 77.93%.The disease with the highest proportion of single diseases suffered by neonates was neonatal hyperbilirubinemia(33.05%),and bronchopneumonia,acute bronchitis,and upper respiratory tract infections were the most predominant diseases among children hospitalized in infancy,early childhood,preschool,and school age.Bronchopneumonia was the first ranked disease among children hospitalized in spring,autumn and winter,accounted for 16.37%,18.31%and 23.09%,respectively and upper respiratory tract infection(14.93%)was the first ranked disease among children hospitalized in summer.Conclusions Respiratory system and per inatal diseases were the main types of diseases that needed to be focused on prevention and treatment of children aged 0~14 years.At the same time,targeted prevention and treatment measures needed to be taken according to the disease spectrum of children of different ages,focusing on improving the diagnosis and treatment technology of neonatal diseases.

关 键 词：疾病谱 住院儿童 帕累托图 

分 类 号：R197.323[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]