汽车拆解废弃物固定床空气气化特性  

Study on gasification characteristics of automotive shredder residue

作　　者：陈志文 张晨光 杨航 陈兆佳 董卫果 赵明[1,2] CHEN Zhiwen;ZHANG Chenguang;YANG Hang;TING Zhao Jia;DONG Weiguo;ZHAO Ming(School of Environment,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Research Institute for Environmental Innovation(Suzhou),Tsinghua,Suzhou 215163,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学环境学院,北京100084 [2]清华苏州环境创新研究院,苏州215163

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2024年第1期253-260,共8页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(20221300254)。

摘　　要：中国作为全球最大的汽车市场,报废汽车拆解破碎残渣已成为备受关注的“城市矿山”。在自制的固定床气化实验装置上,以汽车拆解废弃物为原料,考察了空气当量比、反应温度对合成气品质及气化指标的影响。结果表明:在0~0.3范围内,随着空气当量比的增大,合成气中可燃气组分产率先增大后减小、气化效率先升高后降低、碳转化率逐渐增大;在700-900℃温度范围内,随着温度的提高,合成气中可燃气体组分产率增大、气化效率和碳转化率均逐渐增大;当空气当量比为0.2、气化温度为900℃时,气化效率最高。对900℃气化实验结果进行质量和能量平衡分析,结果表明:该系统质量平衡误差仅为5%,满足质量平衡要求;能量回收率和能耗比分别为55.39%和2.28,汽车拆解废弃物气化具有系统热自持和为其他用能工艺过程提供能源的潜力。On a self-made fixed bed gasifier,the effects of air equivalence ratio and reaction temperature on the quality of synthetic gas and gasification indicators were investigated using automotive shredder residue(ASR)as feedstock.The results showed that within a range of 0-0.3,with the increase of air equivalence ratio,the production of combustible gas components in synthesis gas increased first and then decreases,the gasification efficiency first increased and then decreased,and the carbon conversion rate gradually increased.Within the temperature range of 700-900 ℃,as the temperature increased,the yield of combustible gas components in the synthesis gas increased,and the gasification efficiency and carbon conversion rate gradually increased.When the air equivalence ratio was 0.2 and the gasification temperature was 900 ℃,the cold gas efficiency was the highest.The mass and energy balance analysis of the gasification test at 900 ℃ showed that the mass balance error of the system was only 5%,which met the mass balance requirements.The energy recovery rate and energy consumption ratio were 55.39% and 2.28,respectively,indicating that gasification of ASR had the potential for systematic thermal self-sufficiency and providing energy for other energy-consuming processes.

关 键 词：汽车拆解废物 气化 空气当量比 温度 质量平衡 能量平衡 

分 类 号：X734.2[环境科学与工程—环境工程]