脲醛树脂胶黏剂改性研究进展:分子结构优化与改造  

Progress in Modification for Urea-Formaldehyde Resin:Molecular Structural Optimization and Reformation

作　　者：王玲 杨培 周晓燕 Ling Wang;Pei Yang;Xiaoyan Zhou(College of Materials Science and Engineering,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,China)

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学材料科学与工程学院,江苏南京210037

出　　处：《高分子材料科学与工程》2023年第11期172-181,共10页Polymer Materials Science & Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(32271784,32101460);国家重点研发计划(2021YFD2200602)。

摘　　要：脲醛树脂(UF)胶接制品因长期释放甲醛,是家居环境污染的主要来源。目前,生产企业普遍通过降低甲醛与尿素摩尔比生产UF树脂以减轻胶接制品产生的甲醛污染,但摩尔比下降会造成UF树脂支化结构大量减少、固化交联度下降,最终导致树脂胶合强度和耐水性能变差。UF树脂性能好坏的关键在于其微观结构的形成,从分子水平优化与改造UF树脂结构是实现其固化速率、甲醛释放量和胶合性能之间平衡的有效方法。文中总结了利用三聚氰胺、乙二醛、树枝状大分子等改性剂优化与改造UF树脂结构的作用机理,阐述了不同改性方法与改性工艺对UF树脂胶固化性能、胶合强度及胶接制品甲醛释放量的影响,最后提出了改性UF树脂胶黏剂未来研究与发展面临的主要挑战。The long-term emission of formaldehyde from wood-based composites bonded with urea-formaldehyde(UF)resin is the major pollution source in home environment.As such,producers at present have lowered the formaldehyde-to-urea mole ratio to reduce the formaldehyde emission,However,this approach resulted in significant reduction in the branched structure and crosslinking degree of UF resin,ultimately deteriorate bonding performance and water resistance of UF resin.The decisive factor for the comprehensive performance of UF resin lies in microstructure formation.Therefore,optimizing and modifying the molecular structure is always effective to balance the curing rate,formaldehyde emission,and bonding performance of UF resin.In this paper,the mechanisms involved in optimizing and modifying UF resin structure using modifiers such as melamine,glyoxal,and dendrimers were summarized,the influence of modification methods and processes on the curing performance,bonding strength,and formaldehyde emission of UF resin was also discussed.Furthermore,the main challenges for the future research and development of modified UF resin were proposed.

关 键 词：脲醛树脂 改性 分子结构 胶黏剂 

分 类 号：TQ323.3[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]