杨树枝条不同施用方式对沙化土壤养分及植物生长的影响  

Effects of different applied patterns of poplar(Populus alba)branches on desertified soil nutrients and plant growth

作　　者：郭宏仙 项凌飞 张子豪 李志刚[1,2] GUO Hongxian;XIANG Lingfei;ZHANG Zihao;LI Zhigang(College of Forestry and Prataculture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China;Ningxia Grassland and Animal Husbandry Engineering Technology Research Center,Yinchuan 750021,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学林业与草业学院,银川750021 [2]宁夏草牧业工程技术研究中心,银川750021

出　　处：《生态科学》2023年第6期127-133,共7页Ecological Science

基　　金：宁夏重点研发项目(2021BEG03010);宁夏大学草学一流学科建设项目(NXYLXK2017A01)。

摘　　要：学者们利用林木枝条改良土壤方面已做了大量研究,但林木枝条不同施用方式对土壤养分特别是微量元素的影响鲜见报道。以宁夏银川腹部沙地土壤为研究对象,以当地杨树(Populus alba)枝条为土壤改良材料,设置了土表覆盖粉碎的杨树枝条(CM)、土表覆盖未粉碎的杨树枝条(BM)、土壤中添加质量分数为5%的粉碎杨树枝条同时土表覆盖未粉碎杨树枝条(CI+BM)及土壤中分别添加质量分数为2%、5%、8%和11%的粉碎杨树枝条,以无任何添加或覆盖枝条的土壤为对照(CK)。试验采用嵌入土壤中的PVC管模拟土壤自然环境且种植了春小麦,在春小麦抽穗期测定了土壤养分及植物生长状况。研究结果显示,与对照相比,所有施用林木枝条处理均显著降低了土壤碱解氮含量(p<0.05),而且所有施用林木枝条处理亦均具有降低土壤有效铜含量的趋势。其他元素变化不同于土壤碱解氮和有效铜,即所有添加处理具有增加土壤有效磷、速效钾、有效锰、有效铁和有效锌含量的趋势,而所有覆盖处理却具有降低这些元素含量的趋势。此外,杨树枝条覆盖及添加总体上对春小麦的生长均具有促进作用,以CM和CI+BM效果最为显著(p<0.05),但春小麦生长会随着土壤中枝条添加比例的增加呈现出先促进后被抑制的趋势,总体上以5%的添加比例最佳。然而,相关分析结果表明,林木枝条的长期施用均可能会对植物的生长产生营养元素相对匮乏的情况。Scientists have conducted a lot of studies on soil restoration using different tree branches.However,it’s still unclear about the effects of different applied patterns of tree branches on soil nutrients,especially for microelements.This study conducted in Yinchuan Belly Desert in Ningxia,and the local common materials poplar branches were selected for following treatments:unground branch mulch(BM),chips mulch(CM),5%chips incorporated into soil combined with BM(CI+BM),and 2%,5%,8%and 11%chips incorporated into soil,no any amendment used as control(CK).All above treatments were conducted with PVC containers buried in soils to mimic natural environment,with spring wheat(Triticum aestivum)planted in each container.Afterward,soil nutrients and wheat growth were measured at heading stage.Results showed that compared with CK,all amendments decreased available N content(p<0.05),and also presented a tendency to decrease available Cu as a whole.However,other nutrients presented different results with above available N and Cu.Thus,as a whole,all treatments with incorporation tended to decrease available P,K,Mn,Fe and Zn contents,while all treatments with mulches tended to increase those nutrients.Overall,all treatments had positive effects on enhancing spring wheat growth,and treatments CM and CI+BM presented highest potential.However,the tested growth indicators of spring wheat were increased first and then decreased as incorporated branches proportions increased,with 5%proportion presented highest potential.In addition,correlation analysis indicated that long-term tree branch application for soil restoration may result in nutrient deficiency for plant growth.

关 键 词：沙化土壤 杨树枝条 添加 覆盖 土壤养分 植物生长 

分 类 号：S1[农业科学—农业基础科学]