青海湖流域野生植物资源组成及特点  

Study on the composition and characteristics of wild plant resources in Qinghai Lake Basin

作　　者：胡樱 贾慧萍 宿永倩 魏晶晶 朋毛德吉 王发春[1] 王慧春[1,2,3] HU Ying;JIA Huiping;SU Yongqian;WEI Jingjing;PEN Maodeji;WANG fachun;WANG Huichun(College of Life Sciences,Qinghai Normal University,Xining 810008,China;Key Laboratory of Medicinal Animal and Plant Resources on the Qinghai-tibet Plateau,Xining 810008,China;Key Laboratory of Tibet Plateau Biodiversity Formation Mechanism and Comprehensive Utilization,Xining 810008,China;College of Geographical Science,Qinghai Normal University,Xining 810008,China)

机构地区：[1]青海师范大学生命科学学院,青海西宁810008 [2]青海省青藏高原药用动植物资源重点实验室,青海西宁810008 [3]青海省青藏高原生物多样性形成机制与综合利用重点实验室,青海西宁810008 [4]青海师范大学地理科学学院,青海西宁810008

出　　处：《生态科学》2023年第6期187-193,共7页Ecological Science

基　　金：青海省重大生态保护工程生态监测体系运行项目-青海湖流域森林、湿地、沙化土地监测专项(2020-031,2021-013);青海省自然科学基金(2019-ZJ-913);青海师范大学创新训练项目(qhnucxcy2021026)。

摘　　要：青海湖流域是重要的生物多样性功能保护区,是青藏高原典型的植物分布区域之一。该文采用线路调查、样方调查、文献查阅等方法进行调查。结果表明,青海湖流域有野生植物348种,隶属58科182属,生活型较为单一,多年生草本植物占优势(73.56%);科属结构单一,主要分布在单种科(22科)与单种属(120属)中;属的区系特征为北温带分布(50.55%)且资源类型以药性植物(68.60%)居多;同时,发现了7种国家二级保护植物和26种入侵植物。结论:(1)青海湖流域野生植物科属分布结构单一,植物地理区系分布以北温带分布为主;(2)青海湖流域野生植物资源丰富,具较大经济使用价值且占优势的资源为药用和饲料植物资源;(3)应进一步加强该区植物为多样性保护。调查结果可为该区植物多样性保护提供参考。Qinghai Lake Basin is an important functional biodiversity protection area and one of the typical plant distribution areas on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.The plants were investigated by route investigation,quadrats investigation and literature review.The results showed that there were 348 species of wild plants,belonging to 58 families and 182 genera,and their life forms were relatively simple.The wild plant life form was relatively simple,and the perennial herbaceous plants were dominant(73.56%).The structure of families and genera was simple,mainly distributed in monospecies families(22 families)and monospecies genera(120 genera).The floristic characteristics of the genus were north temperate zone distribution(50.55%),and the resource types were mostly medicinal plants(68.60%).At the same time,7 species of second-class protected plants,and 26 species of invasive plants were found.The results showed that(1)The distribution structure of wild plant families and genera was simple in the Qinghai Lake Basin,and the flora was mainly distributed in the north temperate zone.(2)The Qinghai Lake Basin was rich in wild plant resources,and the dominant resources with great economic use value were medicinal and forage plant resources.(3)Plant diversity conservation should be further strengthened in this area.The survey results can provide a reference for plant diversity conservation in this area.

关 键 词：青海湖流域 野生植物 资源特点 区系分布 

分 类 号：Q-9[生物学]