基于气候评估的新区通风廊道规划方法及策略研究  

Study on planning method and strategy of ventilation corridor in new area based on climate assessment

作　　者：程宸 于长文[2] 房小怡 李明财 王信[4] 徐辉[5] CHENG Chen;YU Changwen;FANG Xiaoyi;LI Mingcai;WANG Xin;XU Hui(Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;Hebei Climate Center,Shijiazhuang 050021,China;Institute of Meteorological Sciences,Tianjin 300074,China;International Cooperation Joint Laboratory of ecological urban design,Ministry of Education,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China;China Academy of urban planning and design,Beijing 100044,China)

机构地区：[1]中国气象科学研究院,北京100081 [2]河北省气候中心,石家庄050021 [3]天津市气象科学研究所,天津300074 [4]同济大学,教育部生态化城市设计国际合作联合实验室,上海200092 [5]中国城市规划设计研究院,北京100044

出　　处：《生态科学》2023年第6期194-204,共11页Ecological Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助(2022YFC3090600);国家重点研发计划课题项目(2020YFD1100405);中国气象科学研究院科技发展基金项目(2020KJ024);中国气象科学研究院基本科研业务费重点项目(2021Z001);河北省地方十三五生态环境气象保障工程(201810979)。

摘　　要：维持良好的自然通风环境,是实现城市高品质生态环境的重要保证。统筹总体规划和地块城市设计层面,建立了基于通风路径与通风潜力、城市热岛和绿源、规划方案风环境和热环境评估的新区通风廊道规划方法,应用于河北雄安新区,提出了通风廊道规划策略。结果表明:(1)新区层面,以西南—东北向为主要通风路径,依托规划绿地、水体及开敞空间等,构建6条宽度500 m以上的一级通风廊道,连通白洋淀气候补偿空间与起步区作用空间,提升新区整体通风能力;(2)新区起步区层面,结合其规划空间布局方案和所形成的高通风潜力带状空间,构建17条宽度100 m以上的二级通风廊道,促进起步区内空气流通、城—淀间气流微循环、缓解城市热岛;(3)新区规划地块的建筑高度和密度宜分别控制在45 m和20%以内,白洋淀北岸和起步区南部地块则分别为20 m和15%以内,地块内不宜形成封闭的围合空间,建筑高度总体宜南低北高布局;(4)从城市总体空间形态、城市建筑空间形态和清洁空气源三方面,制定了有利于通风环境的城市空间形态设计指引,与通风廊道协同提升通风环境。Good natural ventilation environment is an important part of ensuring high quality ecological environment in Urban Area.A ventilation corridor planning method has been established at the level of overall planning and urban design,based on studying ventilation path and ventilation potential,urban heat island and green source,as well as evaluating wind environment and thermal environment of urban planning&design scheme.The application of this method in Xiongan New Area indicated that:(1)At the New area level,the southwest to northeast direction should be taken as the main ventilation path;relying on the planning green space,water body and open space,six main ventilation corridors with a width of more than 500 m were proposed to connect Baiyangdian Lake(the climate compensation space of ventilation corridor)with the Urban Area(the action space of ventilation corridor),so as to improve the overall ventilation capacity of the New area.(2)At the start-up area level,17 secondary ventilation corridors with a width of more than or equal to 100 m were suggested to promote the air circulation within the Urban Area,the air microcirculation between urban and lake,and alleviate the urban heat island.(3)The building height and density of the planning plot in the New area should be controlled within 45 m and 20%respectively,while the building height and density of the north bank of Baiyangdian Lake as well as the south of the start-up area should be within 20 m and 15%.It was not suitable to form enclosed space in the plot,and the overall building height should be lower in the South and higher in the north.(4)Considering the aspects of urban overall space form,urban building space form and clean air source,some urban space form design guidelines were formulated for cooperating with the ventilation corridor planning to improve the ventilation environment.

关 键 词：雄安新区 通风廊道 规划策略 

分 类 号：P463.3[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]