旱区陆面非降水性水分研究进展和展望  

Research progress and prospect on non-precipitition water in arid and semi-arid area

作　　者：王胜[1] 张强[1] 张良[1] 王兴 杜昊霖 曾剑 问晓梅 WANG Sheng;ZHANG Qiang;ZHANG Liang;WANG Xing;DU Haoling;ZENG Jian;WEN Xiaomei(Institute of Arid Meteorology,CMA,Key Laboratory of Arid Climatic Change and Reducing Disaster of Gansu Province,Key Laboratory of Arid Climate Change and Disaster Reduction of CMA,Lanzhou 730020,China;Lanzhou Regional Climate Center,Lanzhou 730020,China;Chengdu University of Information Technology,Chengdu 610225,China;Shanghai Meteorological Service,Shanghai 201901,China)

机构地区：[1]中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所,甘肃省干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室,中国气象局干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室,甘肃兰州730020 [2]兰州区域气候中心,甘肃兰州730020 [3]成都信息工程大学,四川成都610225 [4]上海市气象局,上海201901

出　　处：《干旱气象》2024年第1期1-10,共10页Journal of Arid Meteorology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42230611、41875022);中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所创新团队项目(GHSCXTD-2020-1);中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所攻关/共创基金共同资助。

摘　　要：随着全球气候变暖,自然生态系统和水资源压力不断增加,加剧了全球水资源的短缺。旱区非降水性水分(Non-precipitation Water,NPW),作为一种重要的水源,对旱区生态系统和陆面水分平衡具有显著影响。本文基于国内外非降水性水分研究现状,总结其在西北旱区的观测方法、变化特征、形成机制及对陆面水分平衡和作物的影响。在结合非降水性水分研究国际趋势的基础上,指出当前研究的不足和问题,以及未来研究的重点方向:揭示陆面非降水性水分的复杂形成机制,加强对不同气候区和下垫面非降水性水分的认知,建立专门的陆面非降水性水分观测系统,发展其在数值模式中的参数化,以及制定陆面非降水性水分开发利用的技术标准。The warming trend of the global climate system continues,and the impact on natural ecosystems and water resources contin⁃ues to rise,aggravating the already fragile global water resources.At this background,as a potential water resource,non-precipitation water(NPW)in arid area plays an important role in the maintenance of ecosystem and land surface water balance in arid area.There⁃fore,based on the present results of international research on NPW,the development process of NPW is summarized.The observation methods,variation characteristics,formation mechanism and the contribution of NPW to land surface water balance and its effects on crops in arid areas of Northwest China were reviewed.Finally,on the basis of combining the international frontiers,hot issues and de⁃velopment trends of NPW research,the shortcomings and problems of current NPW research are analyzed scientifically.It is pointed out that the study of NPW should focus on further revealing the complex formation mechanism of NPW on land surface,and strengthen the cognition of NPW in different climatic regions and different underlying surfaces.Breakthroughs have been made in key scientific is⁃sues such as the establishment of a specially targeted land surface NPW observation system,the development of the parameterization of land surface NPW in the numerical model,and the research and development of technical standards for the development and utilization of land surface NPW.

关 键 词：旱区(干旱半干旱区) 非降水性水分 露水 土壤吸附水 陆面水分平衡 

分 类 号：P404[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]