2022年7月内蒙古干旱半干旱区涝—旱转折事件的成因分析  

Cause analysis of flood-drought alternation event in July 2022 in arid and semi-arid region of Inner Mongolia

作　　者：刘炜 赵艳丽[2] 高晶 李林惠 王慧敏[2] LIU Wei;ZHAO Yanli;GAO Jing;LI Linhui;WANG Huimin(Key Open Laboratory for Northeast China Cold Vortex Research,Shenyang 110166,China;Inner Mongolia Climate Center,Hohhot 010051,China;Inner Mongolia Meteorological Service,Hohhot 010051,China)

机构地区：[1]东北冷涡研究重点开放实验室,辽宁沈阳110166 [2]内蒙古自治区气候中心,内蒙古呼和浩特010051 [3]内蒙古自治区气象局,内蒙古呼和浩特010051

出　　处：《干旱气象》2024年第1期11-18,共8页Journal of Arid Meteorology

基　　金：中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所联合开放基金项目(2022SYIAEKFMS08、2021SYIAEKFMS13);内蒙古气象局科技创新项目(nmqxkjcx202444);内蒙古自治区科技重大专项专题(2020ZD0013-02);内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(2020GG0017);内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目(2022LHMS04004)共同资助。

摘　　要：2022年7月内蒙古中西部地区降水明显偏少,且呈前期偏多、后期偏少的涝—旱转折性分布特征,分析不同阶段环流分布差异和影响系统间的配置对进一步做好内蒙古汛期降水预测具有重要作用。利用内蒙古116站逐日降水量、国家气候中心130项气候指数、美国国家环境预报中心/国家大气科学研究中心(National Center for Enviromental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research,NCEP/NCAR)逐日再分析资料和美国国家海洋和大气管理局(National Oceanic and Atmospheric Admin⁃istration,NOAA)逐月海表温度资料,分析2022年7月内蒙古中西部地区涝-旱转折事件的成因。结果表明:(1)2022年7月内蒙古中西部地区降水量严重偏少,为该地区1991年以来同期降水最少、气象干旱最为严重。(2)7月1—11日降水相对偏多,冷空气路径偏北且强度较弱,西太平洋副热带高压强度偏弱,位置偏北、偏西,冷暖空气在内蒙古中西部地区交绥,加之这一时段高空西风急流位置偏北,内蒙古中西部位于急流轴以南,有利于高层辐散和上升运动发展。7月12—31日降水明显偏少,环流经向度加大,冷空气活动路径偏南且强度增强,西太平洋副热带高压强度偏强且位置明显偏南,不利于水汽输送,加之高空西风急流位置偏南,内蒙古中西部位于急流轴以北,不利于高层辐散和上升运动发展;7月中旬后期至下旬高空西风急流南北向扰动偏强有利于激发东亚—西北太平洋经向遥相关波列,使得西太平洋副热带高压位置偏南从而导致降水偏少。(3)日本海至北太平洋西北部地区的海温异常是影响内蒙古中西部地区降水多寡的重要外强迫信号之一。2022年7月该海区海温异常偏高,其上空激发的气旋式环流减弱了南方暖湿水汽的经向输送,是导致内蒙古中西部降水由涝转旱的原因之一。The rainfall in July of 2022 in the central and western regions of Inner Mongolia was obviously less and showed a phased characteristic of more in the early stage and less in the late stage.The analysis of circulation distribution and configuration in different stages is of great significance for further improving precipitation forecast ability in flood season in this region.Daily precipitation of 116 national meteorological stations in Inner Mongolia,130 climate indexes from the National Climate Center,daily reanalysis data from Na⁃tional Center for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Science(NCEP/NCAR)and monthly sea surface tempera⁃ture(SST)data from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration(NOAA)were used to analyze the causes of the flooddrought transition event in the central and western regions of Inner Mongolia in July 2022.The results are as follows:(1)In July 2022,the rainfall in the central and western regions of Inner Mongolia was seriously less,which was the least in the same period since 1991 in this region,and the meteorological drought was relatively serious.(2)From July 1 to 11,the precipitation was relatively more,the cold air path was northward and the intensity was weak,the Western Pacific Subtropical high was weak and its location was northward and westward,and the warm and cold air intermingled in the central and western regions of Inner Mongolia.In addition,the position of up⁃per westerly jet was northward during this period,and the central and western regions of Inner Mongolia were located in the south of the jet axis,which was conducive to upper level divergence and the development of upward movement.While from July 12 to 31,the pre⁃cipitation was obviously less,the meridian of circulation increased,the cold air activity path was more southerly and the intensity in⁃creased,the Western Pacific subtropical high was obviously stronger and the location was southward,which was not conducive to water vapor transport.In addition,the location of upper west

关 键 词：内蒙古中西部 2022年7月 涝-旱转折 气象干旱 海温异常 

分 类 号：P466[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]