石菖蒲挥发油化学成分和急性毒性研究  

Study on Chemical Constituents and Acute Toxicity of Volatile Oil of Acotus Tatarinowii Schott

作　　者：方成维 麻秀萍 陈亮 谢武韫 Fang Chengwei;Ma Xiuping;Chen Liang;Xie Wuyun(School of Pharmacy,Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Guiyang 550025,China;Tea+Big Health Food Development and Research Center,Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Guiyang 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州中医药大学药学院,贵州贵阳550025 [2]贵州中医药大学茶+大健康食品开发研究中心,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《山东化工》2024年第3期141-145,共5页Shandong Chemical Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(82160803);贵州中医药大学博士启动基金([2019]58号);贵州中医药大学2020年度本科教学工程建设项目(贵中医教学工程合字[2020]31号);贵州中医药大学本科教学质量与教学改革工程项目(贵中医教学工程合字[2022]03号)。

摘　　要：采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取石菖蒲挥发油,GC—MS法检测其中主要化学成分;石菖蒲挥发油以1%吐温-80溶液为溶剂稀释至不同浓度,40只小鼠随机分为4组,一次性灌胃,观察小鼠的生理状态,得到石菖蒲挥发油绝对致死量(LD100)和最大耐受量(LD_(0));根据预实验结果采用Bliss法分为1.0,1.4,2.0,2.8,4.0 g·kg^(-1)5个剂量组,单次口服给药后观察记录小鼠状态及死亡情况,根据死亡情况计算半数致死量(LD50)及95%置信区间,并分析各组体质量变化,同时对小鼠脑组织进行病理学检查。结果表明:通过GC—MS法鉴定出石菖蒲挥发油中含有β-细辛醚、(Z)-1,2-二甲氧基-4-丙烯基苯、甲基丁香酚、α-细辛醚、右旋龙脑、γ-细辛醚等73种化学成分;石菖蒲挥发油对小鼠的LD100和LD_(0)分别为4.0和1.0 g·kg^(-1),LD50为2.44 g·kg^(-1),LD50的95%置信区间为2.09~2.88 g·kg^(-1),且单次灌胃后会影响小鼠的正常生长。石菖蒲挥发油达到一定剂量时,对小鼠具有急性毒性。The volatile oil of Acotus tatarinowii Schott was extracted by steam distillation,and the main chemical components were detected by GC—MS.The volatile oil of Acotus tatarinowii Schott was diluted to different concentrations with 1%Tween-80 solution as solvent.Forty mice were randomly divided into 4 groups,and the physiological state of the mice was observed by onetime inadministration.The absolute lethal dose(LD100)and maximum tolerable dose(LD_(0))of volatile oil of Acotus tatarinowii Schott were obtained.According to the pre-experimental results,Bliss method was used to divide them into 1.0,1.4,2.0,2.8,4.0 g·kg^(-1)5 dose groups,the status and death of mice were observed and recorded after a single oral administration,median lethal does(LD50)and 95%confidence interval were calculated based on death,the change of body mass of each group was analyzed,at the same time,pathological examination of mouse brain tissue was performed.The results showed that 73 chemical components includingβ-asarone,(Z)-1,2-dimethoxy-4-propenyl-benzene,methyleugenol,α-asarone,(+)-borneol,γ-asarone were identified by GC—MS in the volatile oil of Acotus tatarinowii Schott.The LD100 and LD_(0)of the volatile oil of Acotus tatarinowii Schott for mice were 4.0 g·kg^(-1)and 1.0 g·kg^(-1),the LD50 was 2.44 g·kg^(-1).The 95%confidence interval for LD50 ranges from 2.09~2.88 g·kg^(-1),and the normal growth of mice was affected after a single administration of stomach.The volatile oil of Acotus tatarinowii Schott had acute toxicity to mice when it reached a certain dose.

关 键 词：石菖蒲挥发油 化学成分 气相色谱—质谱(GC—MS)法 Bliss法 急性毒性 

分 类 号：O657.63[理学—分析化学] R285.5[理学—化学]