44份黑花生资源的表型遗传多样性及综合鉴评  

Phenotypic genetic diversity and comprehensive evaluation of 44 black seed coat peanut resources

作　　者：任明刚 李春红 杨平 何大智 赵艳花 范金华 卢平 唐兴发 冯明友 REN Ming-gang;LI Chun-hong;YANG Ping;HE Da-zhi;ZHAO Yan-hua;FAN Jin-hua;LU Ping;TANG Xing-fa;FENG Ming-you(Anshun Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Anshun 561000,China)

机构地区：[1]安顺市农业科学院,贵州安顺561000

出　　处：《中国油料作物学报》2024年第1期51-61,共11页Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences

基　　金：第三次全国农作物种质资源普查与收集行动(19191192);安顺市科技计划项目(安市科农[2018]29号、安市科农[2020]01号、安市科农[2022]04号)。

摘　　要：为鉴选优异黑花生资源,以44份黑花生资源材料为研究对象,连续2年种植观测表型,研究遗传多样性和性状相关性,进行系统聚类和主成分分析。结果表明:44份黑花生资源材料的6个质量性状在品种间差异较大;19个表型性状的遗传多样性较丰富,变异系数在2.64%~97.98%之间,均值为24.28%,遗传多样性指数0.8652~2.0704之间,均值为1.7622;生育期长与第一侧枝长(r=0.82)、主茎高与第一侧枝长(r=0.87)、一次分枝数与有效结果枝数(r=0.84)、单株结果数与单株饱果数(r=0.96)、饱果重率与饱仁重率(r=0.88)、出仁率与荚果饱满度(r=0.82)之间极显著正相关,千克果数与百果重(r=–0.74)、百仁重(r=–0.62)呈极显著负相关。在欧氏距离为10.52时,可将44份黑花生资源分为6个类群。主成分分析将17个主要表型性状归为累计贡献率达89.45%的6个主成分因子,鉴选出综合得分(F值)≥0.40的资源材料6份。In order to explore elite black seed coat peanut resources,observed phenotypes of 44 black seed coat peanut resources in consecutive 2 years were analyzed on their genetic diversity,correlation,systematic clustering and principal component.Results showed that 6 qualitative traits had great differences among varieties.The 19 phenotypic traits demonstrated that the coefficient of variation ranged from 2.64%to 97.98%with the average of 24.28%,the genetic diversity index ranged from 0.8652 to 2.0704 with the average of 1.7622,indicating that 44 germplasm had rich genetic diversity.Significant positive correlations exhibited between growth period and lateral branch length(r=0.82),main stem height and first lateral branch length(r=0.87),primary branch numbers and effective fruit numbers(r=0.84),pod numbers per plant and full pods per plant(r=0.96),rate of full pods weight and rate of full seeds weight(r=0.88),shelling percentage and plumpness degree of pod(r=0.82).Significant negative correlations were found between pod number per kilogram and 100 pods weight(r=-0.74),pod number per kilogram and 100 seeds weight(r=-0.62).The 44 black seed coat peanut germplasm were divided into 6 groups at the Euclidean distance 10.52.Principal component analysis showed that the accumulative contribution rate of 6 major factors to total variation of 17 phenotypic traits accounted for 89.45%,and 6 materials were identified,of which comprehensive score F was 0.40 or more.

关 键 词：黑花生 表型性状 遗传多样性 主成分分析 综合鉴评 

分 类 号：S565.2[农业科学—作物学]