农户视角下乡村感知韧性的作用机制及提升路径——以山东省曲阜市为例  

The mechanism and improvement path of rural perceived resilience from the perspective of farmers:A case study of Qufu city,Shandong province

作　　者：王亚男 吕晓 张学波 WANG Yanan;LYU Xiao;ZHANG Xuebo(School of Humanities and Law,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110169,China;School of Geography and Tourism,Qufu Normal University,Rizhao 276826,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]东北大学文法学院,沈阳110169 [2]曲阜师范大学地理与旅游学院,日照276826

出　　处：《地理学报》2024年第2期321-336,共16页Acta Geographica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42071226,42071150);中央高校基本科研业务专项资金项目(N2114006)。

摘　　要：从感知韧性视角提升乡村可持续发展能力对全面推进乡村振兴至关重要。本文基于乡村感知韧性概念内涵,从“压力—状态—感知—行为—响应”层面论述乡村感知韧性的运作逻辑,并基于山东省曲阜市3镇12村的农户调查问卷数据,从“状态—感知”“行为—响应”视角构建指标体系,在评估乡村感知韧性的同时,运用结构方程模型论证乡村感知韧性作用机制。结果表明:(1)乡村感知韧性是指乡村系统依靠其资源要素水平,促使农户主动利用乡村资源预测、吸收、适应乡村变化,推动乡村要素结构重组和生产生活方式变革的能力;(2)社会网络多元化响应和生产建设状态已经成为乡村感知韧性的主要组成部分,而生计多样化和物质资本富裕化的响应路径未完全形成;(3)乡村系统响应压力的方式能否促进传统乡村向现代化转型取决于农户对乡村状态的感知和行为决策,农户对乡村状态的感知越好,其越偏向主动利用资源促进乡村要素结构重组,从根本上实现乡村转型发展;(4)应从空间治理优化、促进“状态—感知”到“行为—响应”的转化、精准调控乡村“压力”等方面出发,提高乡村感知韧性。Improving rural sustainable development capability from the perspective of perceived resilience is crucial to comprehensively promote rural revitalization.Based on the theoretical connotation of rural perceived resilience,this paper discusses the operational logic of rural perceived resilience from the level of"pressure-state-perception-behavior-response",and constructs an indicator system from the perspective of"state-perception"and"behaviorresponse"based on the data of farmers'questionnaires in 12 villages in 3 towns,Qufu city,Shandong province in 2020.While evaluating the rural perceived resilience,we use the structural equation model to demonstrate the mechanism of rural perceived resilience.The results show that:(1)Rural perceived resilience refers to the ability of rural system to use rural resources to predict,absorb and adapt to rural change,and promote the restructuring of rural elements and the transformation of production and lifestyle,depending on its level of resource elements;(2)The diversified response of social networks and the state of production and construction have become the main components of rural perceived resilience,while the response path of livelihood diversification and material capital enrichment has not been fully formed;(3)Whether the way the rural system responds to the pressure can promote the transformation of traditional villages to modernization depends on the farmers'perception and behavioral decision-making.The better the farmers'perception of the rural state,the more inclined they are to actively use resources to promote the restructuring of rural elements,and fundamentally realize the transformation and development of villages;(4)We should improve the rural perceived resilience by optimizing spatial governance,promoting the transformation from"state-perception"to"behavior-response",and accurately regulating rural"pressure".

关 键 词：乡村韧性 农户满意度 压力—状态—感知—行为—响应 乡村感知韧性 曲阜市 

分 类 号：D422.6[政治法律—政治学] F327[政治法律—国际共产主义运动]